PubMed · 13537606
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1958. WILLIAM THOMAS CHIPMAN.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13537606/
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The influential Berkeley theoretical physicist Geoffrey Chew renounced the reigning approach to the study of subatomic particles in the early 1960s. The standard approach relied on a rigid division between elementary and composite particles. Partly on the basis of his new interpretation of Feynman diagrams, Chew called instead for a "nuclear democracy" that would erase this division, treating all nuclear particles on an equal footing. In developing his rival approach, which came to dominate studies of the strong nuclear force throughout the 1960s, Chew drew on intellectual resources culled from his own political activities and his attempts to reform how graduate students in physics would be trained.
Since the epoch-making publication of Sir Francis Galton, twin research has been an excellent method in order to assess the influence of nature and nurture. In this overview the history of twin research is described for the field of psychogenic disorders by the examples of diagnosis of zygosity, representativity of the sample, criminality, homosexuality and some disorders such as enuresis, obsessive-compulsive disorders and anorexia nervosa. Nowadays the modern methods of molecular genetics for diagnosis of zygosity offer new and overwhelming possibilities of twin research.
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