PubMed · 14046773
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A BOCCI, L CAGLIERO, B MACCHIONI. 1963-06-15. [AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14046773/
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One of the mysteries of pregnancy is why a mother does not reject her fetuses. Cytokine-modulation of maternal-fetal interactions is likely to be important. However, mice deficient in transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF beta 1) and other cytokines are able to breed, bringing this hypothesis into question. The phenotype of TGF beta 1 null-mutant mice varies with genetic background. We report here that, in outbred mice, the loss of TGF beta 1-deficient embryos is influenced by the parity of their mother. This is consistent with the loss of mutants being due to immune rejection. An inbred line of TGF beta 1(+/-) mice that supported TGF beta 1-deficient fetuses had high levels of TGF beta 1 in their plasma. Analysis of the amniotic fluids in this line indicated that biologically relevant levels of maternal TGF beta 1 were present in the TGF beta 1(-/-) fetuses. These data are consistent with maternal and fetal TGF beta 1 interacting to maintain pregnancy, within immune-competent mothers.
BACKGROUND: We sought to determine if the ADVIA 120 hematology system (Bayer HealthCare LLC, Diagnostics Division, Tarrytown, NY), which employs a unique two-dimensional cytometric analysis approach for platelet (PLT) counting, might also be useful for estimation of LB lamellar body counts in amniotic fluid. METHODS: ADVIA 120 LB counts were performed on 217 amniotic fluid specimens, 88 of which were obtained within 72 h of infant delivery. The ADVIA 120 LB count (ADVIA LB count) results were compared with results from other FLM tests, including the TDx-FLM II (FLM II) test (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL) and the A(650) estimate of lamellar body density using the refractive-index-matched anomalous diffraction (RIMAD) technique. RESULTS: Use of an ADVIA LB count referent value of > or =35,400/microl to indicate maturity, yielded sensitivity, specificity, PV(RDS) and PV(maturity) of 100%, 67.6%, 36.8% and 100%, respectively, in our study population (prevalence of RDS=15.9%). The clinical performance of the ADVIA LB count assay was compared to that of the FLM II and RIMAD assays by predictive value and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the ADVIA 120-derived LB counts on amniotic fluid can be useful in predicting fetal lung maturity.
OBJECTIVES: We measured S100B levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity retrospectively in amniotic fluid samples from pregnancies with normal and Down syndrome (DS) fetuses. DESIGN AND METHODS: Samples from 26 normal and 71 Down syndrome fetuses were studied. S100B protein levels were determined using LIA-mat Sangtec kit, and SOD activity was measured with the RANSOD kit. RESULTS: We observed significantly higher levels of S100B in the Down group (median of 1.24 microg/l) than in the control group (median 0.69 microg/l). S100B concentration in DS samples increased from the 13th to the 18th week of gestation and was positively correlated with gestational age. The amniotic fluid SOD activity in the DS group (16.60 U/mg/prot) was significantly higher than in the normal one (10.78 U/mg/prot). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that S100B and SOD in amniotic fluid could be used as additional parameters for prenatal screening of trissomy 21 and that S100B values are associated with the gestational age.