PubMed · 14102129
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A NOGUCHI. 1963-12-20. [PROBLEMS IN HYPERTHYROIDISM].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14102129/
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The 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of biological samples, such as blood plasma and tissues, are information rich but data complex owing to superposition of the resonances from a multitude of different chemical entities in multiple-phase compartments, hampering detection and subsequent resonance assignments. To overcome these problems, several spectral-editing NMR experiments are described here, combining spin-relaxation filters (based on T(1), T(rho), and T(2)) with both one-dimensional and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy. These techniques enable the separation of NMR resonances based on their relaxation times and allow simplification of the complex spectra. In this paper, the approach is exemplified using a control human blood plasma, which is a complex mixture of proteins, lipoproteins, and small-molecule metabolites. In the case of T(1rho)- and T(2)-edited 2D NMR experiments, a "flip-back" pulse was introduced after the relaxation editing to make the phase cycling of the "relaxation filter" and the 2D NMR part independent, thus enabling easy implementation of the phase-sensitive 2D NMR experiments. These methods also permit much higher receiver gains to be used to reduce digitization error, in particular, for the small resonances, which are sometimes vitally important for metabonomics studies. Both pulse sequences and experimental results are discussed for T(1)-, T(1rho)-, and T(2)-filtered COSY, T(2)-filtered phase-sensitive DQF-COSY, and T(1), T(1rho)-, and T(2)-filtered TOCSY NMR.
The Oral Glucose Tolerance Test is a commonly used test for diagnosis of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. In practice, there are two standard sample time intervals: deltat=60 min and deltat=30 min and two standard test time durations: 120 and 180 min. However, for an accurate description of blood glucose concentration dynamics, this number of samples is not enough. In the present work, test duration is considered beyond 180 min and a shorter time interval of deltat=10 min is proposed. Two main hypotheses are discussed: (a). Blood glucose concentration dynamics can be viewed as the impulse response of a "black box" system where the output is conformed by the algebraic sum of a set of exponentially damped sinusoidal functions and (b). There exists at least one endogenous excitation that acts as a counterregulatory mechanism against hypoglycemic tendencies.
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