PubMed · 14213066
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J M HARLEY, D A MONTGOMERY. 1964-12-26. FORCEPS DELIVERY.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.5425.1610
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OBJECTIVE: Medical interventions during the perinatal period are psychologically difficult for women and research has shown this is true as well for in-vitro fertilization procedures (IVF). This study examined the impact of IVF and different medical interventions, common to both non-pathological pregnancies and IVF, through the analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twelve women undergoing IVF evaluated their experience of pregnancy and birth using measures of post-partum depression, maternal self-esteem, and semi-directive interviews. RESULTS: The results showed that the number of medical interventions is correlated with higher scores of post-partum depression as well as lowered scores in maternal self-esteem. Qualitative analyses of interviews showed that IVF has a complex and unique psychological impact. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results of this study underline the need for specific psychological support for women undergoing IVF treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI); the relationship between postpartum SUI and mode of delivery; and the association between SUI and other obstetric factors. METHOD: In this prospective study, 1000 primiparas with no history of UI were recruited and followed up for 4 months after delivery. The chi(2) and Fisher's Exact tests were used to calculate the effects of the nominal variables. RESULT: The prevalence of postpartum SUI was 14.1%, and the mode of delivery was significantly associated with SUI. The prevalence rates were 15.9% after vaginal delivery, 10.7% after elective cesarean section (CS), and 25% after CS performed for obstructed labor. The prevalence of postpartum SUI was similar following spontaneous vaginal delivery and CS performed for obstructed labor (P=.21). Meanwhile, elective CS with no trial of labor was found to be associated with a significantly lower prevalence of postpartum SUI (P=.01; chi(2)=12.42). A maternal body mass index greater than 30 before pregnancy and fetal weight higher than 3000 g appeared to be associated with an increased rate of SUI (P=.001; chi(2)=17.6 and P=.000; chi(2)=22.5, respectively). CONCLUSION: Elective CS significantly reduced the rate of postpartum SUI.
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