PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 14589494

Osteoporosis testing in orthopedic practice.

Russell S Biggers·P James Nugent
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Osteoporosis affects 75 million people in the United States, Japan and Europe. PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to review the severity of the problem of osteoporosis and thereby report the need for responsibility of today's spine orthopedic surgeons to recognize those at risk for osteoporosis, order diagnostic studies and treat patients' appropriately. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: A spine specialty clinic took a sample of 325 different patients who had a bone mass densiometer (BMD) test to look at what percent of patients were osteoporotic. RESULTS: Twenty-one and a half percent of the patients tested positive for osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: There are millions of people with osteoporosis in the world's clinics. As the population ages, we will see a dramatic increase in the incidence of this disease unless appropriate intervention is undertaken. Osteoporosis is preventable and treatable.

Explore related subjects

Bone DensityFemaleHumansMaleOrthopedicsOsteoporosisPrevalenceJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Russell S Biggers, P James Nugent. Osteoporosis testing in orthopedic practice.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1529-9430(02)00171-7

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2024

Is there a causal relationship between resistin levels and bone mineral density, fracture occurrence? A mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: In a great many of observational studies, whether there is a relevance of resistin levels on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture occurrence has been inconsistently reported, and the causality is unclear. METHODS: We aim to assess the resistin levels on BMD and fracture occurrence within a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Exposure and outcome data were derived from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Open genome wide association studies (GWAS) database. Screening of instrumental variables (IVs) was performed subject to conditions of relevance, exclusivity, and independence. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was our primary method for MR analysis based on harmonized data. Weighted median and MR-Egger were chosen to evaluate the robustness of the results of IVW. Simultaneously, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were also assessed and the direction of potential causality was detected by MR Steiger. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was used to identify whether confounding factors affected the reliability of the results. RESULTS: After Bonferroni correction, the results showed a suggestively positive causality between resistin levels and total body BMD (TB-BMD) in European populations over the age of 60 [β(95%CI): 0.093(0.021, 0.165), P = 0.011]. The weighted median [β(95%CI): 0.111(0.067, 0.213), P = 0.035] and MR-Egger [β(95%CI): 0.162(0.025, 0.2983), P = 0.040] results demonstrate the robustness of the IVW results. No presence of pleiotropy or heterogeneity was detected between them. MR Steiger supports the causal inference result and MVMR suggests its direct effect. CONCLUSIONS: In European population older than 60 years, genetically predicted higher levels of resistin were associated with higher TB-BMD. A significant causality between resistin levels on BMD at different sites, fracture in certain parts of the body, and BMD in four different age groups between 0-60 years of age was not found in our study.

Bone Density↗
PubMed2007

The 25-hydroxyvitamin D threshold for better health.

Available data supporting a target serum level of at least 75 nmol/l 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) include studies on bone mineral density (bmd), fracture prevention, lower extremity function, and cancer prevention. Given the high cost and disability from falls, fractures, and cancer treatment a shared threshold for 25-OHD has significant public health implications, especially so, if a large part of the population is below this threshold. This article summarizes available evidence supporting the 75 nmol/l threshold, reviews adherence to Vitamin D treatment in fracture trials in regard to achieved anti-fracture efficacy, and finally discusses current recommendations for Vitamin D intake.

Bone Density↗
PubMed2007

Preliminary work on the development of a novel detection method for osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis affects both the organic and mineral phases of bone resulting in a decrease in resistance to fracture. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans are used for diagnosing osteoporosis, which is conventionally characterised by a decrease in mineral density. Unfortunately, some patients who suffer osteoporotic fractures have normal bone density, because both the organic and the mineral phase are affected. However, there are currently no methods of evaluating the health of the organic phase. Patients undergoing treatment for osteoporosis have reported hardening of their fingernails. As the properties of nail and bone may be linked in a comparable, measurable way, this work used both mechanical (nano-indentation) and chemical (Raman spectroscopy) methods to evaluate differences between fingernails sourced from osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic patients. The difference in mean modulus between the nails sourced from the groups was 1.1 GPa. The disulphide bond content of fingernail samples from each group was measured by Raman spectroscopy and disulphide bond content of fingernail was found to be significantly lower in the osteoporotic group. It can be concluded that a relationship between the mechanical and chemical properties of nail and bone may exist in a measurable way. This work has suggested that changes in the organic phase of bone are reflected in similar proteins, such as keratin, from which fingernails are composed. Collagen and keratin are two distinct structural proteins, but they share the need for protein sulphation and disulphide bond formation, via cysteine, for their structural integrity. A disorder of either process should lead to disordered collagen and keratin synthesis.

Bone Density↗