PubMed · 14889407
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N GOLDSTEIN, M P MANNING. 1951. Frostbite from prolonged exposure to moderate temperatures.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(51)80185-9
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Early diagnosis of the depth of extremity frostbite is of little effect without additional means of examination (from 39.9% to 43.6% of correct findings at the pre- and intrahospital stages of medical care). It can be improved (up to 61.5% of verified answers) when using the method of calculation of cold loading. The combination of distant infrared thermography (DIRT) and contact thermometry allows to make the verification as great as 78.3%. If the task of the diagnosis is only to determine the form of frostbite (superficial or profound), using the temperature criteria (by the data of contact thermometry) and thermographic algorithms (on the basis of the data of DIRT) is shown to improve diagnosis up to 88.4%-92.4% of correct answers on the hands and up to 82.5%-86.8% on the feet.
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