PubMed · 15200465
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Mae Thamer. 2004. Are associational studies obfuscating?. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.669_7.x
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This paper reviews the current status of cloning and stem cell research and its application to treating various diseases, particularly cardiovascular disease. Recently new techniques have been developed to isolate embryonic stem cells from preimplantation embryos. These cells are undifferentiated and are therefore able to develop into the cells of whichever organ it is in contact with. These cells would be especially beneficial for the treatment of ischemia and various other cardiovascular diseases. There are a variety of various issues that need to be discussed before this technology can be applied safely, including government regulations to ensure the clinical safety and effectiveness of the procedures, as well as the prevention of improper handling or the use of contaminated tissues.
OSA (obstructive sleep apnoea) is a common condition that is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. It is remains unclear what role OSA plays in determining cardiovascular risk. The immediate physiological changes that occur during upper airway obstruction are potential contributors to cardiovascular risk in OSA. These changes include increased sympathetic activity, which is responsive to treatment of OSA with CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure). In this issue of Clinical Science, the possible role of a common polymorphism in the beta1-adrenoreceptor [R389G (Arg389Gly)] has been investigated by Börgel and co-workers. Measurements of heart rate and blood pressure in untreated OSA patients were not related to the R389G polymorphism. There were changes in heart rate and diastolic blood pressure with CPAP treatment that were related to this polymorphism. Reduction in heart rate with CPAP treatment was associated with the R389R genotype. By contrast, a reduction in diastolic blood pressure was associated with the Gly389 carriers. These findings are intriguing, but difficult to fully explain. Further study is needed to determine if there is an important role of the R389G polymorphism in modifying cardiovascular responses among OSA patients.
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