PubMed · 15275708
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Roger M Macklis. 2004-08-01. How and why does radioimmunotherapy work?. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.04.008
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Aspergillus ochraceus contaminates agricultural products and produces nephrotoxic, carcinogenic ochratoxin A (OTA), posing severe food safety hazards. A dual-signal lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (dLFIA) based on ZrO₂@C nanoprobes was established for quantitative detection of A. ochraceus biomass. A novel monoclonal antibody (mAb 4B4) was prepared as the capture antibody to immobilize A. ochraceus mycelial lysate antigen on the test line, and a rabbit polyclonal antibody (pAb G2801) as the detection antibody to modify ZrO₂@C composites (synthesized via UiO-66 pyrolysis) into 200 nm colorimetric/photothermal nanoprobes. This dLFIA achieved limits of detection of 0.164 μg/mL (colorimetric) and 0.517 μg/mL (photothermal). This efficient and reliable method allows quantitative analysis of A. ochraceus biomass, which is suitable for routine monitoring of fungal contamination in agro-food matrices.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review the clinical significance, methods of testing, and outcomes of trastuzumab (Herceptin) treatment for HER2 gene amplification and HER2 protein overexpression in breast cancer. DATA SOURCES: Published articles and abstracts, online resources, a clinical handbook, and product information. DATA SYNTHESIS: HER2 gene amplification or HER2 protein overexpression can be found in 20%-25% of breast cancers and is important pathogenic and prognostic information. HER2 also predicts patient response to trastuzumab. Patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer benefit from trastuzumab whether selected by immunohistochemistry, which measures the HER2 protein, or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which measures the HER2 oncogene. However, patients who are identified accurately as HER2 gene-amplified by FISH derive the greatest benefit. CONCLUSIONS: Accurate testing is crucial for appropriate identification of patients for trastuzumab therapy. FISH is the most reproducible and accurate method. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Education regarding HER2 testing and trastuzumab helps patients to make informed decisions and facilitates active participation in their care as well as enhances dialogue with physicians.
We describe a method for high-throughput, parallel purification of secreted proteins to analyse large numbers of protein samples in cell-based assays for the discovery of protein therapeutics. The procedure is generic and capable of 96 parallel purifications and compatible, in both yield and purity, with a wide assay range. By optimising expression and purification steps as well as using novel hardware, in particular a chromatography press capable to purify target proteins from viscous media, we exemplify the process for the generation of single-chain Fv antibody fragments (scFv) and the purification of full-length IgG. The described process can operate robustly with a throughput of over 2,000 samples per month.