PubMed · 15405015
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D W WILLIAMS. 1950-02-11. Foreign body in pharynx.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4649.353
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Nanosized materials are increasingly used in medicine and biotechnology but originate also from various aerosol sources. A detailed understanding of their interaction with cells is a prerequisite for specific applications and appraisal of hazardous effects. Fluorescence fluctuation methods are applied to follow the time-course of the translocation and distribution of fluorescent 20 nm polystyrene nanoparticles with negative surface charges in HeLa cells under almost physiological conditions. The experimental results demonstrate that singular particles enter the cell without significant contribution by endocytotic mechanisms and are distributed within the cytoplasm. Subsequently aggregation is observed, which can be blocked by cytotoxins, like Genistein and Cytochalasin B, interfering with cellular uptake processes. The observed non-active uptake is due to non-specific interactions with the cell surface and could be responsible for distribution of nanometer-sized materials in tissue.
PURPOSE: Rectal foreign bodies are not an uncommon presentation to the emergency department. Frequently they can be removed in the department through the transanal approach. However, this often is not well tolerated by the patient or can force the foreign body more proximal. We present a case of a difficult rectal foreign body in an obese patient that was successfully removed transanally in the operating room with laparoscopic assistance. METHODS: Under general anesthesia, with the patient in Trendelenburg position, laparoscopy was used to push the rectal foreign body from above while it was removed transanally from below. This was performed with one 10-mm and two 5-mm incisions. RESULTS: The foreign body was successfully removed transanally with laparoscopic assistance, and the patient was discharged within 12 hours from the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The laparoscopic approach to assist in rectal foreign body removal is a good treatment choice for difficult cases. It allows for easy removal, detection of rectal injury, and early discharge.
The traditional incision for bilateral sequential lung transplantation is the bilateral anterolateral transsternal thoracotomy with approximation of the sternal fragments with interrupted stainless steel wire loops; this technique may be associated with an unacceptable incidence of postoperative sternal disruption causing chronic pain and deformity. Approximation of the sternal ends was achieved with peristernal cables that passed behind the sternum two intercostal spaces above and below the sternal division, which were then passed through metal sleeves in front of the sternum, the cables tensioned, and the sleeves then crimped. Forty-seven patients underwent sternal closure with this method, and satisfactory bone union occurred in all patients. Six patients underwent removal of the peristernal cables: 1 for infection (with satisfactory bone union after the removal of the cables), 3 for cosmetic reasons, 1 during the performance of a median sternotomy for an aortic valve replacement, and 1 in a patient who requested removal before commencing participation in football. This technique of peristernal cable approximation of sternal ends has successfully eliminated the problem of sternal disruption associated with this incision and is a useful alternative for preventing this complication after bilateral lung transplantation.