PubMed · 15411072
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
L LANGERON, M PAGET, V NOLF, J DURIEZ. [Sodium hyposulfite test, modern kidney function test].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15411072/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
In situ chemical reduction of aquifer sediments is currently being used for chromate and TCE remediation by forming a permeable reactive barrier. The chemical and physical processes that occur during abiotic reduction of natural sediments during flow by sodium dithionite were investigated. In different aquifer sediments, 10-22% of amorphous and crystalline FeIII-oxides were dissolved/reduced, which produced primarily adsorbed FeII, and some siderite. Sediment oxidation showed predominantly one FeII phase, with a second phase being oxidized more slowly. The sediment reduction rate (3.3 h batch half-life) was chemically controlled (58 kJ mol(-1)), with some additional diffusion control during reduction in sediment columns (8.0 h half-life). It was necessary to maintain neutral to high pH to maintain reduction efficiency and prevent iron mobilization, as reduction generated H+. Sequential extractions on reduced sediment showed that adsorbed ferrous iron controlled TCE reactivity. The mass and rate of field-scale reduction of aquifer sediments were generally predicted with laboratory data using a single reduction reaction.
The periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP) from Paracoccus pantotrophus is a soluble two-subunit enzyme (NapAB) that binds two haem groups, a [4Fe-4S] cluster and a bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide) (MGD) cofactor that catalyses the reduction of nitrate to nitrite. In the present study the effect of KSCN (potassium thiocyanate) as an inhibitor and Mo ligand has been investigated. Results are presented that show NAP is sensitive to SCN(-) (thiocyanate) inhibition, with SCN(-) acting as a competitive inhibitor of nitrate (K(i) approximately 4.0 mM). The formation of a novel EPR Mo(V) species with an elevated g(av) value (g(av) approximately 1.994) compared to the Mo(V) High-g (resting) species was observed upon redox cycling in the presence of SCN(-). Mo K-edge EXAFS analysis of the dithionite-reduced NAP was best fitted as a mono-oxo Mo(IV) species with three Mo-S ligands at 2.35 A (1 A=0.1 nm) and a Mo-O ligand at 2.14 A. The addition of SCN(-) to the reduced Mo(IV) NAP generated a sample that was best fitted as a mono-oxo (1.70 A) Mo(IV) species with four Mo-S ligands at 2.34 A. Taken together, the competitive nature of SCN(-) inhibition of periplasmic nitrate reductase activity, the elevated Mo(V) EPR g(av) value following redox cycling in the presence of SCN(-) and the increase in sulphur co-ordination of Mo(IV) upon SCN(-) binding, provide strong evidence for the direct binding of SCN(-) via a sulphur atom to Mo.
Liposomes have frequently been used as models of biomembranes or vehicles for drug delivery. However, the systematic characterization of lipid vesicles by right angle light scattering and turbidity has not been carried out despite the usefulness of such studies for size estimation. In this study, liposomes of various sizes were prepared by sonication and extrusion. The mean cumulant radii of the vesicles were determined by dynamic light scattering. The lamellarities were estimated based on fluorescence quenching of N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)dipalmitoyl-L-alpha-phosph ati dylethanolamine by sodium dithionite. Right angle light scattering intensity and optical density at 436 nm per unit lipid concentration were measured as a function of vesicle radius. With a vesicle radius < or =100 nm, the optical parameters could be well explained by the Rayleigh-Gans-Debye theory in which the liposomes were modeled as homogeneous spheres with mean refractive indices determined by the volume fractions of lipids in vesicles.