PubMed · 15551821
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2004. [When the deodorant gives up -- help against excessive sweating].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15551821/
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There are a number of ways that deodorant products control malodor: a) by suppressing sweat, b) by inhibiting bacterial activity, and c) by covering malodor. The paper focuses on the Givaudan Roure methodology used to develop fragrances that effectively cover malodor. Several steps are involved in the development of a successful deodorant fragrance. First, we test for substantivity of the deodorant fragrance material in the axilla, using odor value technology. Second, using an in vitro test with reconstituted axilla odor, we determine the effectiveness of the substantive fragrance material with carefully screened panelists. Third, using a multichannel olfactive blender, the perfumer creates a fragrance heart with effective deodorant fragrance materials that cover malodor in the vapor phase. Finally, the hedonically pleasing heart is used to create the final fragrance, which is then optimized using our in vitro test method.
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PURPOSE: Radiation therapy patients are typically warned not to apply lotions, deodorants, or powders to the skin within the treatment area because of the possible increase in surface dose due primarily to a bolus effect. This study investigates the effect of 15 products, with and without high atomic number components, on surface dose. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A Markus-type parallel plate ionization chamber in a polystyrene phantom was used to measure surface doses for normal applications of the products for a small (5 x 5-cm2) and a large (25 x 25-cm2) field size. RESULTS: The greatest surface dose increase for any product was 5.4% (21.8-27.2%) of the d(max) dose for the small field and 1.0% (43.6-44.6%) for the large field. Products with high-atomic-number components did not increase the surface dose relative to radiation therapy specialty products. CONCLUSION: No large increase in surface dose was detected with a normal application of the products. However, the possibility exists that an increase in skin reaction may occur owing to chemical irritants in the applied product.