PubMed · 15764983
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Dianna K Koerner, Terry S Siek. 2005. Internships: win-win-win situations.. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006247-200503000-00006
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Computer-assisted teaching and learning tools offer new opportunities for improving education and training of medical professionals. CAMPUS represents a software for computer-based, problem-oriented learning. It is a case-based training system which provides the patient's history within a highly realistic, multimedia format. Thus, the interactive design is expected to challenge, test and improve the medical knowledge and the diagnostic skills of the students. The objective of the present study was to introduce CAMPUS as a computer-based learning tool and to present preliminary results with regard to acceptance and user-friendliness. METHODS: CAMPUS was evaluated by 52 students regarding quality and experienced learning success. A tutorial was conducted within separate, small-numbered groups of students, each working on one learning case. The virtual case started with a summary of the patient's leading symptoms. The students independently took the patient history and carried out the physical examination. Then, they were asked to suggest differential diagnoses, refer the patient to appropriate diagnostic examinations and were encouraged to choose adequate therapeutic strategies. Subsequently, the quality of CAMPUS and the subjective learning success were evaluated with a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: Nearly all students described the user interface as visually attractive (51/52) and clearly structured (52/52). In particular, the students found the use of videos to be advantageous. A marked learning success was described by most students (46/52) and all students considered learning with CAMPUS to be effective. CONCLUSION: CAMPUS offers an innovative training program to improve medical education and to enhance conventional teaching methods efficiently.
Patient-related end points are generally used to open up opinions and perspectives to the patient, which he/she may not previously have had or not been aware of. Such end points can only be reached if, first, the patient's priorities are taken into account when assessing cost-effectiveness of a medical measure and, second, if the doctor acts to mediate between the individual patient's preferences and medical needs. This requires a doctor's effort to communicate: this cannot be left to chance but has in part to be freshly conceived and systematically employed.
Managers, doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, social workers, psychologists, unqualified staff and service users were interviewed for a qualitative study of risk management and rehabilitation in an inner city medium secure forensic mental health care unit. Different professional orientations to service user problems were identified. Doctors focused primarily on the diagnosis of mental disorder, which they managed mainly through pharmaceutical interventions. Psychologists were principally concerned with personal factors, for example service user insight into their biographical history. Occupational therapists concentrated mainly on daily living skills, and social workers on post-discharge living arrangements. Some front line nurses, held accountable for security lapses, adopted a criminogenic approach. Service users were more likely than professionals to understand their needs in terms of their wider life circumstances. These differences are explored qualitatively in relation to four models of crossdisciplinary relationships: monoprofessional self-organisation combined with restricted communication; hermeneutic reaching out to other perspectives; the establishment of interdisciplinary sub-systems; and transdisciplinary merger. Relationships between professions working in this unit, as portrayed in qualitative interviews, corresponded mainly to the first model of monoprofessional self-organisation. Reasons for restricted crossdisciplinary understanding, particularly the wide power/status differences between the medical and other professions, and between staff and patients, are discussed.