PubMed · 15957490
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Michelle Apuzzio. 2005. Marching orders.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15957490/
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A new method for analyzing symmetry and normalcy of gait patterns is explained. This method utilizes eigenvectors to compare waveforms. The right and left limbs of a single subject are compared to determine symmetry. To determine normalcy, a single limb from a subject is compared to a normative file created from the average of healthy control subjects. The analysis method provides four measures of symmetry and normalcy: trend phase, trend symmetry/normalcy, range amplitude ratio, and range offset. The trend symmetry/normalcy is a comparison of the shapes of the waveforms for each limb. The range amplitude ratio is a comparison of the range of motion of each limb. The range offset is a comparison of the range in which each limb operates. The exact methods and clinical applications are provided.
The Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service provides a critical role in the assessment, management, and disposition of the newly injured combatant. This role has been well demonstrated during Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Military physiatrists are uniquely suited to support military service members as they maximize their function and either return to duty or transition to civilian life.
This paper describes the design and implementation of a case-study based investigation using immersive virtual reality as a treatment for phantom limb pain. The authors' work builds upon prior research which has found the use of a mirror box (where the amputee sees a mirror image of their remaining anatomical limb in the phenomenal space of their amputated limb) can reduce phantom limb pain and voluntary movement to paralyzed phantom limbs for some amputees. The present project involves the transposition of movements made by amputees' anatomical limb into movements of a virtual limb which is presented in the phenomenal space of their phantom limb. The three case studies presented here provide qualitative data which provide tentative support for the use of this system for phantom pain relief. The authors suggest the need for further research using control trials.