PubMed · 1597621
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T D Larson. 1992. Whitening.. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1992.0100
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Extracted intact human teeth (n = 4) were treated for 30 days by three protocols: Home 1 (Proxigel, n = 4) for 8 hours daily, Home 2 (White & Bright, n = 4) for 24 hours with 3 minutes of stannous fluoride gel, or an Office protocol (n = 4) using 30% hydrogen peroxide (Superoxol) warmed by a high-intensity light while the controls remained untreated. "Home" bleaching agents contain approximately 10% carbamide peroxide. After treatment, the coronal surfaces were examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 2000 power magnification, and the surface topography was measured by a profilometer. The SEM photomicrographs of the controls and office-treated groups were similar to previously reported descriptions, while the home bleached surfaces appeared similar to each other. Profilometric analysis was used to examine surface roughness and surface waviness. Mean surface roughness in microns was: control, 1.9; Home 1, 0.6; Home 2, 0.9; and Office, 0.6. Surface waviness was ranked control > office > Home 1 = Home 2. Enamel surface alterations were evident after the three bleaching methods. The differences between the office and home-treated surfaces were unrelated to the pH of the bleaching agents.
Hydrogen peroxide readily penetrates the pulp chamber of freshly extracted teeth. This study was undertaken to determine whether carbamide peroxide also penetrates the pulp chamber. Freshly extracted teeth were sectioned 2 to 3 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction and the coronal pulpal tissue was removed. Acetate buffer was placed in the pulp chamber to absorb and stabilize any peroxide that might penetrate. The coronal portion of each tooth was immersed in either carbamide peroxide gel or gelled hydrogen peroxide at various concentrations for 15 min at 37 degrees C. The buffer was removed, leukocrystal violet was added, and the optical density of the resulting blue solution was determined spectrophotometrically. Amounts of peroxide found in the pulp chamber after 15 min ranged from 3.3 +/- 0.38 micrograms for the 10% sample to 40.4 +/- 3.51 micrograms for the 30% sample.
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