[Allergic tonsillitis: myth or reality].

Abstract

The tonsils are part of Waldeyer's ring, the basic function of which is antibody formation; they react later against a wide variety of antigens. Allergic sensitization of the airways occurs not only in the mucosa of the afflicted organ, but also in the lymphatic stations draining these structures. The lymphatic structures closest to the nasal mucosa in humans are the adenoids and tonsils. Adenoidal, nasal, and middle ear diseases are frequent health problems in young children. Pediatric adenoidal obstruction of the nasal airway is associated with significant morbidity and is also a frequent indication for surgery. Research done with respect to Waldeyer's ring in people dealing concurrently with allergy is a seldom subject in medical literature, both Polish and world wide. The study shows that allergy and sensitivity to different kinds of allergens are risk factors for adenoid hypertrophy (AH) in children. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies confirms that tonsil dendritic cells, macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells are involved in and are important in allergic tonsillitis. Ig synthesis and switching also occur in the adenoid and tonsils. Early treatment of allergic diseases may help reduce the occurrence of AH. Properly administered nasal steroids and antihistamines can reduce adenoidal hypertrophy and nasal airway obstructive symptoms in atopic children.