PubMed · 16463997
Image-guided spinal navigation: application to spinal metastases.
Abstract
Image-guided spinal navigation is an adjuvant surgical technology that has evolved over the past decade. It has been used as a replacement for conventional intraoperative imaging techniques to improve the spine surgeon's spatial orientation to nonvisualized anatomy. The author will review the principles of image-guided technology in spinal surgery and focus on its application to the management of spinal metastatic disease.
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I H Kalfas. 2001-12-15. Image-guided spinal navigation: application to spinal metastases.. https://doi.org/10.3171/foc.2001.11.6.6
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