PubMed · 16630428
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J Roger Maltby. 2006. Preoperative fasting guidelines.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16630428/
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CONTEXT: Prior studies of Mexican Americans described association of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene haplotypes with insulin sensitivity/resistance and atherosclerosis. The most common haplotype (haplotype 1) was protective, whereas the fourth most common haplotype (haplotype 4) conferred risk for insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE: In this study of Hispanics in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study Family Study, we sought to replicate LPL haplotype association with insulin sensitivity/resistance. DESIGN: LPL haplotypes based on 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed for association with indexes of insulin sensitivity and other metabolic and adiposity measures. SETTING: This study was conducted in the general community of San Antonio, Texas, and San Luis Valley, Colorado. PARTICIPANTS: Participants in this study were 978 members of 86 Hispanic families. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: LPL haplogenotype, metabolic phenotypes, and adiposity were measured in this study. RESULTS: The haplotype structure was identical with that observed in prior studies. Among 978 phenotyped subjects, haplotype 1 was associated with decreased fasting insulin (P = 0.01), and haplotype 4 was associated with increased fasting insulin (P = 0.02) and increased visceral fat mass (P = 0.002). Insulin sensitivity, derived from iv glucose tolerance testing, tended (P > 0.1) to be higher with haplotype 1 (S(I) = 1.72) and lower with haplotype 4 (S(I)=1.38). Haplotype 2 was associated with increases in fasting insulin, triglycerides (TGs), TG to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio, and apolipoprotein B (P = 0.01-0.04). CONCLUSIONS: This study independently replicates our prior results of LPL haplotypes 1 and 4 as associated with measures of insulin sensitivity and resistance, respectively. Haplotype 4 may confer insulin resistance by increasing visceral fat. Haplotype 2 was identified as a new risk haplotype, suggesting the complex nature of LPL's effect on features of the insulin resistance syndrome.
Increased 18fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the myocardium is frequently observed while performing clinical positron emission tomography (PET) body scans for oncology under fasting conditions. This article reviews the normal variations and abnormal appearances of myocardial FDG accumulation which are likely to be encountered in the routine PET studies. Knowledge about the myocardial glucose metabolism and specific abnormalities are indispensable in the interpretation of myocardial FDG uptake.
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