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PubMed · 1955440

Metatarsus primus varus. A statistical study.

T E Kilmartin·R L Barrington·W A Wallace
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Abstract

A survey of 6000 schoolchildren discovered 36 cases of unilateral and 60 cases of bilateral hallux valgus, defined as a metatarsophalangeal angle of more than 14.5 degrees, measured on standing radiographs. Metatarsus primus varus was found not only in the early stages of hallux valgus but in the unaffected feet of children with unilateral hallux valgus. Adduction of the first metatarsal is not due to differential growth of the cortices of the first metatarsal nor is it a consequence of malalignment of the metatarsocuneiform joint. The intermetatarsal angle did not correlate with the angle of metatarsus adductus nor with the intercuneiform angle.

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AnthropometryChildFemaleFoot DeformitiesHallux ValgusHumansMaleMetatarsal BonesRadiographyStatistics as TopicJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

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T E Kilmartin, R L Barrington, W A Wallace. 1991. Metatarsus primus varus. A statistical study.. https://doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.73b6.1955440

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Hunger in midwestern inner-city young children.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristics of hunger in young children who attend ambulatory pediatric clinics in a midwestern city. DESIGN: Consecutive sample. SETTING: Ambulatory pediatric clinics of an inner-city teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: English-speaking caregivers of 2578 children younger than 5 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Structured survey measures of hunger, family characteristics, assistance program use, child feeding practices, and anthropometrics. RESULTS: In this population, 171 (6.6%) were hungry, and 842 (32.7%) were at risk for hunger. Hunger status was associated with increased age (P<.001), decreased maternal education level (P=.013), maternal nonwhite race (P<.002), a history of homelessness (P<.001), and parental unemployment (P<.001). Hunger status was associated with use of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (P<.001) and food stamps (P<.001) but not with participation in The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Results of anthropometrics indicated that mean growth percentiles were no different between hunger categories. CONCLUSIONS: Housing, dietary, and family characteristics are identifiable risk factors for early childhood hunger. Hunger cannot be identified, however, using anthropometrics. It is disconcerting that fewer hungry children and children at risk for hunger participate in WIC compared with other programs. These data suggest the potential for more aggressive identification and intervention at the primary care and social service levels to benefit hungry children.

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