PubMed · 252554
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Breastfeeding.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/252554/
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15 sonomammographic findings of 341 histologically proved breast masses were reviewed to improve and objectify the current diagnostic criteria of sonomammography. The author proposed the renewed plan of the diagnostic criteria and the judgement method of benign or malignant breast masses on an electronic linear scanner, offering the author's original diagnostic concept particularly about the shape and the internal echo. This diagnostic approach demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.2%, specificity of 85.9%, and accuracy of 89.7%, which sufficiently showed to raise differential diagnostic capability for breast masses.
Accurate histological diagnosis of breast lesions is essential for the appropriate management of the patient. However, the technique of histological typing is problematic due to the large number of histological patterns, often of a complex and variable nature, which occur in breast disease. The introduction of the Breast Screening Programme has increased the burden on pathologists, and emphasised the need for training. Problems arise because mammographic screening detects a greater proportion of special histological types, with their attendant difficulties of identification, when compared to clinically palpable lesions. A computer-based decision support tool has been developed to assist pathologists in the histological diagnosis of breast disease. Unlike conventional expert systems, which seek to recreate the problem-solving processes of an expert, this system has been designed to act as an intelligent assistant to the pathologist. The system represents knowledge in the form of 'disease profiles', and utilises a novel inference model based upon the mathematical technique of hypergraphs. Initial trials with this system have demonstrated that a high level of diagnostic accuracy can be achieved.
Traditional methods of teaching concepts of breast disease to medical students have included didactic lectures, patient interviews and examinations in the hospital, and patient-directed rounds with housestaff and attendings. From 1980 to 1987, third-year students at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine participated in these educational experiences and were tested at the conclusion of the eight-week surgical core rotation, utilizing written and oral examinations. Beginning in July 1987, students began participating in a defined weekly Diagnostic Breast Clinic which included in-depth instruction in patient examination techniques, mammographic interpretation, and treatment planning. Results of oral and written examinations, specifically regarding knowledge of breast cancer, were compared between the early and later periods. Significantly improved performance was noted in students exposed to a defined breast clinic experience and strongly supports the integration of specific cancer clinic experiences in undergraduate medical education.