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PubMed · 3004550

Adrenal function in tuberculosis.

M E Ellis·F Tayoub
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Abstract

In a study of 41 African Zulus with acute pulmonary tuberculosis, 55% were found to have a suboptimal cortisol response to Synacthen and all had very low plasma dehydroepiandrosterone levels. Following a 2-week course of antituberculous chemotherapy there was an improvement in adrenal corticosteroid function with a reduction to 30% of those showing an impaired cortisol response to Synacthen, but adrenal androgen function did not improve in any. Patients who received rifampicin as part of their treatment appeared to show less improvement in adrenal corticosteroid function when compared to a group who received antituberculous treatment which did not include rifampicin.

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Acute DiseaseAdolescentAdrenal GlandsAdrenocorticotropic HormoneAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolEthambutolFemaleHumansHydrocortisoneInfantIsoniazidMaleMiddle AgedPyrazinamideRifampinStreptomycinTuberculosis, PulmonaryClinical TrialControlled Clinical TrialJournal Article

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M E Ellis, F Tayoub. 1986. Adrenal function in tuberculosis.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0007-0971(86)90003-3

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PubMed1996

Acute spermatic cord torsion alters the microcirculation of the contralateral testis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the hemodynamic changes in the contralateral testis during acute spermatic cord torsion in anesthetized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used videomicroscopy to examine the microcirculation of the contralateral testis following acute torsion. Specifically, we examined the effect on vasomotion, a rhythmic dilation and constriction of the arterioles that is involved in fluid and nutrient exchange and modulation of local vascular resistance. In a separate set of experiments, blood flow in the contralateral internal spermatic artery was measured with an ultrasonic flow probe during acute torsion. RESULTS: Following 720 degrees torsion, the amplitude of vasomotion in the contralateral testis increased 121% (29.0 +/- 3.9% versus 13.0 +/- 1.7%) compared with controls. Blood flow in the contralateral internal spermatic artery decreased 43% after 2 hours' torsion. CONCLUSIONS: Acute spermatic cord torsion altered the microcirculation by increasing the amplitude of vasomotion and decreased total blood flow to the opposite testis. Because the hydraulic resistance of a blood vessel exhibiting vasomotion is always less than a vessel with the same average but static diameter, the observed microcirculatory changes may be an adaptive response to preserve local flow in the presence of decreased total flow. The long-term consequences of these changes in the microcirculation may affect testicular function and ultimately fertility.

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