PubMed · 3482672
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B Delzangles. 1987. [Pathologic root resorption and the safe apical limit].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3482672/
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Digital images produced by direct sensor systems are much larger than conventional radiographic film images because of monitor resolution and digital image file sizes. This difference in size may introduce difficulties when estimating distances (for example, during endodontic treatment). The aim of this study was to compare observers' estimates of distances on digital images with those of conventional radiographs.
A quantitative method for collection of periapical exudates on endodontic paper points is described. In a pilot study, it was revealed that the relationship between fluid volume and wetted length of paper points had a highly significant curvilinear relationship (p < 0.0001), and a highly significant positive linear relationship was found to describe eluted and absorbed interleukin (IL)-1 beta activities from paper points. Periapical exudates from 29 root canals with apical periodontitis were collected using this method, and IL-1 beta activities in clinical specimens were measured. Periapical exudates (0.15 to 26.7 microliters) were recovered, and the range of IL-1 beta concentration was 0.1 to 179.5 ng/ml. These results showed that this sampling method was useful to analyze immunological changes in periapical lesions.
The effect of raising the temperature of the irrigant solution on the smear layer was evaluated in the middle and apical third of 22 human upper incisors. A 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution was used at 21 degrees C and at 50 degrees C. After hand instrumentation and treatment with the irrigant, teeth were fractured into halves and examined by scanning electron microscopy. Characteristics of the smear layer in the two groups of specimens were compared. In the middle third, where NaOCl had been used at 50 degrees C, the smear layer was thinner and made of finer, less well-organized particles than where it had been used at 21 degrees C. In the apical third, the smear layer was of almost the same thickness in the two groups of specimens, although the particles were finer where the NaOCl had been used at 50 degrees C.