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PubMed · 3682052

Cochlear implants in children.

M D Schloss
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Abstract

This is a review of 183 children who have been implanted in various centers throughout the United States and Canada. There is a description of the surgical technical differences in the child as compared to an adult. The results discussed are the etiology of deafness, the years of profound deafness, the condition of the cochlea at the time of surgery, and the audiological results. As of January 1, 1986, the cochlear implant program in children had been functioning for three years. The results have been good. The goals of the children's implant program and future recommendations are listed.

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AudiometryChildCochleaCochlear ImplantsDeafnessHumansSpeech Discrimination TestsJournal Article

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M D Schloss. 1987. Cochlear implants in children.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3682052/

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Normal-hearing and hearing-impaired subjects' ability to just follow conversation in competing speech, reversed speech, and noise backgrounds.

The performance on a conversation-following task by 24 hearing-impaired persons was compared with that of 24 matched controls with normal hearing in the presence of three background noises: (a) speech-spectrum random noise, (b) a male voice, and (c) the male voice played in reverse. The subjects' task was to readjust the sound level of a female voice (signal), every time the signal voice was attenuated, to the subjective level at which it was just possible to understand what was being said. To assess the benefit of lipreading, half of the material was presented audiovisually and half auditorily only. It was predicted that background speech would have a greater masking effect than reversed speech, which would in turn have a lesser masking effect than random noise. It was predicted that hearing-impaired subjects would perform more poorly than the normal-hearing controls in a background of speech. The influence of lipreading was expected to be constant across groups and conditions. The results showed that the hearing-impaired subjects were equally affected by the three background noises and that normal-hearing persons were less affected by the background speech than by noise. The performance of the normal-hearing persons was superior to that of the hearing-impaired subjects. The prediction about lipreading was confirmed. The results were explained in terms of the reduced temporal resolution by the hearing-impaired subjects.

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