A microcomputer controlled snow ski binding system--II. Release decision theories.

Abstract

A hierarchy of release decision theories for both tibia fracture and knee ligamentous injury are defined and simulated on a computer. Moment loading data, recorded during actual skiing by the microcomputer-based ski binding system described in Part I, are processed by the various release decision theories. At the bottom of the hierarchy is the simplest theory which treats boot loading as quasi-static and compares moment components to threshold levels. Another stage of the hierarchy defines an analytic expression for a combined loading failure locus. Note that this is the first formulation of a combined loading release decision theory. Yet another stage of the hierarchy computes bone moments via dynamic system leg models. The various release decision theories are evaluated by comparing processed results to both pain and bone failure limits. For the data generated by the field tests conducted to date, the simplest release decision theory satisfied the retention requirement for pain limits in the presence of muscle activity for both torsion and forward bending. For pain limits in the absence of muscle activity the retention requirement was not satisfied however. Another result is that leg dynamics are significant. A final result is that combined loading considerations lead to a more conservative theory.