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PubMed · 411045

Preclinical effects: unlearned behavior.

D P Ferraro
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Abstract

The cannabinoids produce a variety of effects on unlearned behavior in different animal species. The voluminous literature pertaining to cannabis and unlearned behavior has been reviewed in the five previous Marihuana and Health Reports (1971 through 1975). The present chapter relies heavily on these previous reports for background and focuses primarily on the relevant literature which has appeared during the past two years, although a continuing attempt is made to consider the more recent literature in the context of previous findings. As in the 1975 Marihuana and Health Report, the present chapter is organized for expository purposes around four categories of unlearned behavior: gross behavior; activity and exploration; consummatory behavior; and aggressive behavior.

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AggressionAnimalsBehavior, AnimalCannabinoidsCannabinolCannabisCompetitive BehaviorDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrinkingDronabinolDrug InteractionsEatingExploratory BehaviorHumansMotor ActivityPredatory BehaviorJournal ArticleReview

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BibTeXRIS

D P Ferraro. 1977. Preclinical effects: unlearned behavior.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/411045/

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Costs of deception: cheaters are punished in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

From a functional perspective, deception can evolve in animal populations but should be constrained by the costs associated with detection. It then follows that withholding information should be more prevalent as a form of deception than active falsification of information because of the relative difficulties associated with detecting cheaters. Empirical studies of deception have focused on the benefits of cheating but have provided no data on the costs associated with being detected as a cheater. I present results from field experiments on rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) which show that individuals discovering food announce their discoveries by calling on 45% of all trials. Discoverers who failed to call, but were detected with food by other group members, received significantly more aggression than vocal discoverers. Moreover, silent female discoverers ate significantly less food than vocal females. This demonstrates that there are significant costs to withholding information. Such costs may constrain the frequency with which deception occurs in this and other populations.

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