PubMed · 4253938
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C Hirsch, G Holmgren, I Petersén, B Roos. 1971-06-09. [Modern Russian prosthesis technics].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4253938/
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OBJECTIVE: The ability to measure skin surface slippage relative to the internal wall of a lower extremity prosthesis under various loading conditions is important for evaluation of socket fit and function, and creation of finite element models. Skin surface three-dimensional (3D) shape measurements with tracking of fiducial displacements in situ under axial loading of the prosthesis have not previously been reported. Analysis of slippage within the prosthesis has been performed using a new experimental measurement method based on spiral x-ray computed tomography (SXCT) imaging. DESIGN: Small lead markers were placed on the residuum of an adult with a below-knee amputation, and SXCT scans were obtained with the prosthesis in situ under two static axial loading conditions (44.5N and 178N). The 3D scan data were used to assess slippage with three methods: gross displacement of the tibia and distal end of the residuum; relative displacement of markers; and distance measurements between markers. RESULTS: The markers affixed to the below-knee skin surface within the prosthesis were measured. The skin slipped from 2 to 6 mm relative to the internal prosthesis wall when an additional load of 133.5N was applied in the axial direction to the distal end of the prosthesis. The tibial remnant moved 10.0 mm distally relative to the prosthesis internal wall. CONCLUSION: This method provides a feasible means for measuring residuum skin slippage relative to the prosthesis and skin deformation relative to tibia within an in situ prosthesis under load.
A prosthetic hand is essential to provide rehabilitation for individuals who lose a hand. A prosthetic hand serves two purposes: cosmetic and functional. In this paper, a prototype of the artificial hand with an emphasis on the functionality purpose is presented. A new mechanism, the NTU-Hand (NTU-Hand, patent number 107115, Taiwan, R.O.C.), which has 5 fingers with 17 degrees of freedom, has been designed and fabricated in our laboratory. Due to the special design of the mechanism, the hand has an uncoupled configuration in which each finger and joint are all individually driven. The size of the hand is almost the same as a human hand. All actuators, mechanical parts, and sensors are on the hand. The compact design makes it feasible to adapt the hand to the injured wrist. A computer simulation with three-dimensional graphics was also built to evaluate the manipulative range of the artificial hand. From the results of this simulation, the relationship between the hand and the grasped object in a specific viewpoint can be obtained.
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