PubMed · 4977416
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1969. Baboon milk.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1969.tb04976.x
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Forty-two mineral balances were measured in 50 kg pigs fed various diets, including barley, maize or potato, and used to examine the presumption that the current recommended dietary requirements for the major minerals, especially phosphorus, are essential to the well-being of the pig. All the diets contained similar levels of all the mineral elements, except potassium which was higher in the diets containing potato. The concentrations/kg dry matter were 11.0 g calcium, 6.9 g phosphorus, 0.96 g sodium, 1.5 g magnesium and 5.4 g potassium or 14.0 g potassium in the diets containing potato. The apparent digestibility coefficients were calcium 0.39, phosphorus 0.46, sodium 0.72, magnesium 0.26 and potassium 0.70 or 0.80 and the gross efficiencies with which the ingested elements were retained were calcium 0.36, phosphorus 0.25, sodium 0.32, magnesium 0.07 and potassium 0.22 or 0.16. The low efficiencies of utilisation of the digested minerals, especially phosphorus (0.53), suggested that a reduction in dietary phosphorus levels may be justified in terms of reducing the pollution of the environment with phosphorus caused by the application of pig slurry.
In most sheep breeds, wool growth varies seasonally and is correlated with changes in photoperiod, temperature, and nutrition. Wool growth regulation by these factors may result from systemic changes, or to a response localized at the wool follicle. Possible roles of systemic and local factors have been examined here by comparison of wool growth responses in vitro and in vitro. Wool follicles were isolated and maintained under conditions facilitating fibre growth for at least 4 days. The wool growth rate by follicles isolated regularly over a 10 month period was invariate (P > 0.10), in contrast to a seasonally varying wool growth rate by follicles from the same animals in vivo (P < 0.001). Although a high energy, high protein diet increased wool growth in vivo (P < 0.05), cultured follicles isolated from these animals showed no change in growth rate (P > 0.10). These observations suggest that the regulation of wool growth by environmental factors is extrafollicular and that there is no carryover of the in vivo growth rate when follicles are isolated and systemic signals are therefore removed. Additional work discussed here examined the regulation of pelage by prolactin and melatonin, potential endocrine mediators of photoperiod. The fibre production rate by isolated follicles maintained in control media was not different to that of prolactin or melatonin supplemented follicles (P > 0.10). It is concluded that selective breeding of domesticated sheep has suppressed the response of follicles to regulation by prolactin and melatonin. Studies currently underway using in situ RT-PCR will provide further characterization of this conclusion.