PubMed · 520644
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U F Haustein. 1979. [Indeterminate dendritic cell].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/520644/
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The single neurone stands in the midst of a controversy among modelers. Some believe that its details are functionally superfluous when the neurone operates in a large network, and very simple models can be used to represent the input/output characteristics of neurones. Others claim that the unique morphology and electrical properties of neurones do play an important role. Complicated models of neurones are developed to reveal how the various kinds of 'neurone-ware' (dendrites, spines, axons, membrane channels and synapses) create a computationally powerful unit. Various models are discussed, including new carefully reduced models that retain essential features of more complex models. Such intermediate models will play a central role in our efforts to understand information processing in large neuronal networks.
A mathematical model has been developed which collapses a dendritic neuron of complex geometry into a single electrotonically tapering equivalent cable. The modified cable equation governing the transient distribution of subthreshold membrane potential in a branching tree is transformed, becoming amenable to analytic solution. This transformation results in a Riccati differential equation whose six solutions (expressed in terms of elementary functions) control the amount and degree of taper found in the equivalent cable model. To illustrate the theory, an analytic solution (in series form) of the modified cable equation is obtained for a voltage-clamp present at the soma of a quadratically tapering equivalent cable whose distal end is sealed.
Morphometric Golgi methods were used to study dendritic development of neurons in the cervical ventral and dorsal horns and the hypoglossal nucleus of 8 victims of sudden infant death syndrome and 20 age-matched control infants. The dendrites and spines of these neurons proliferated rapidly until 28 weeks gestation, then increased slowly until shortly after birth. Dendritic spine density of motor neurons in the cervical anterior horn and hypoglossal nucleus of victims of sudden infant death syndrome was similar to that of the controls. Thus, the delayed maturation of dendritic spines seen in the reticular formation and vagal nuclei is not present in motor neurons of the cervical anterior horn and hypoglossal nucleus.