PubMed · 53408
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Z Farid, W F Miner, A Hassan. 1975-11-08. Letter: Amoxycillin in typhoid fever.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(75)92166-2
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The incidence of loose bowel actions in hospitalized children who were receiving amoxycillin mixture has been studied. A total of 293 patients were observed for the occurrence of loose bowel actions considered not to be due to their disease-state; some 19% of these patients suffered this side effect. The incidence was extremely high in the youngest children, but it diminished as age increased. A control group of patients showed a significantly lower (P less than 0.025) percentage incidence (7.4%) than children who were receiving amoxycillin mixture (18.8%). The dosage per kilogram of body weight per day was found to be unassociated with the incidence of diarrhoea in children below the age of two years; but above that age, children receiving higher doses of amoxycillin mixture were more likely to suffer this side effect than those receiving low doses.
Quantitative methods for determination of amoxicillin in body fluids are described. They comprise separation by reversed-phase chromatography (LiChrosorb RP-8, 5 micron) of the aqueous supernatants obtained from plasma or urine after purification steps involving protein precipitation followed by extraction in the case of plasma, or a double extraction procedure in the case of urine, post-column derivatization with air segmentation, and finally measurement of the UV absorbance at 310 nm. The derivatization involves formation of the mercuric mercaptide of penicillenic acid and is specific for compounds with an intact penicillanic acid ring system. Detection limits achieved on injecting 200 microliter of plasma and 20 microliter of urine are about 25 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml, respectively, but it is possible to improve the sensitivity further by injecting larger volumes. Precisions (srel) obtained for determination of 0.10 and 0.45 migrogram/ml in plasma were 3.72 and 1.40%, respectively. Some problems regarding column stability originating from the injection of biological samples are discussed.
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