PubMed · 5435026
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M Fait, Z Saibert. 1970. [Tibia vara (morbus Blounti)].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5435026/
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PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate routine ophthalmic data to identify clinically useful risk factors for progressive visual field loss in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) already receiving intraocular pressure-lowering treatments. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study design was used. Routine ophthalmic data for all subjects were obtained from case records with the knowledge that baseline clinical data had been collected in a standardised manner. Progression was defined according to the AGIS visual field defect scoring system. Variables evaluated as candidate risk factors for progression were assessed by survival analysis. Factors exerting a significant effect on survival were subsequently tested in a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: A cohort of 108 eligible POAG patients was followed over an average of 3.6 years, with an average visual field intertest interval of 8 months. The incidence rate of progressive loss among the cohort was 5.4 cases per 100 person years. Increasing age was found to be independently associated with a small but significantly increased risk of glaucomatous visual field defect progression (hazard ratio 1.07, P=0.022), and a borderline association was also demonstrated with being male (hazard ratio 2.76, P=0.057). CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective investigation has provided preliminary information on factors associated with increased risk of progressive glaucomatous visual field loss that may inform clinical care strategies. Lack of concordance with other studies suggests that further prospective investigations are needed if risk stratification strategies are to be employed in caring for patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma.
O6-methylguanine methyltransferase, Mgmt, constitutes the first line of defense against O6-alkylguanine, which can result in G : C to A : T transitions upon DNA replication. Mgmt has been found in organisms as diverse as archaebacteria and mammals. This evolutionary conservation suggests that all organisms may be exposed to either endogenous or environmental alkylating agents. We thus hypothesized that tissues of Mgmt-/- mice would exhibit elevated mutant frequencies. Employing the Big Blue trade mark transgenic system, we evaluated lacI mutants rescued from liver and small intestinal DNA of young Mgmt-/- mice. Interestingly, while there was a small difference between Mgmt-/- mice and controls with respect to lacI mutant frequency, no differences attributable to Mgmt deficiency were apparent in the mutational spectra. Although mutations stemming from O6-guanine alkylations would be predicted to be cumulative, we found no evidence of an Mgmt-dependent alteration in mutation spectrum in DNA samples from 12 month-old mice. To optimize our ability to detect mutations resulting from O6-alkylguanine-induced G : T mismatches, mice with combined deficiencies of Mgmt and the DNA mismatch repair molecule, Msh6, were analysed. In spite of this strategy, we observed no significant differences between Mgmt-/- Msh6-/- and Msh6-/- mouse lacI mutations, except for a trend towards a greater percentage (of total transitions) of G : C to A : T changes in Mgmt-/-Msh6-/- livers. Therefore, despite the striking evolutionary conservation of Mgmt, deficiency of this gene did not significantly impact the spontaneous lacI mutational spectrum in vivo.
The influence of an enriched environment on the recovery of nerve function was studied after a sciatic nerve lesion and repair. A sciatic nerve gap of 15 mm was bridged in 12 rats using autologous nerve grafts. The rats were housed either in an enriched environment or in standard cages. In the enhanced housing environment, the rats were forced to move by dissociating food and water sources, including wire for foot gripping instead of flat plastic floors, and wooden play toys. Locomotor behavior was recorded on tape with a digital videorecorder and behavioral data were compared with those of a group of six unoperated rats. The video-recordings were analyzed for the stance factor (SF) as well as several other aspects of the rat's walking pattern. Walking was evaluated between 10 and 21 weeks after the operation. Differences in walking behavior between rats raised in an enriched environment and rats raised in standard cages could not be demonstrated. Differences in walking behavior between male and female rats were not found either. But data differed significantly at all ages with rats of the control group. Automutilation of parts of the denervated foot revealed a significant difference in both experimental groups, occurring less often in the enriched environment group.