PubMed · 6225541
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J Presl. 1983. [Desogestrel - a new progestin].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6225541/
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PURPOSE: The goal of this paper is to review the imaging methods required for localizing nonpalpable Implanontrade mark. METHOD: Different localization methods for nonpalpable Implanon rods are summarized, and clinical guidance is provided as to how best to localize such implants. RESULTS: In the great majority of cases, optimal visualization of the single-rod Implanon rod is obtained with ultrasound using a high-resolution linear array transducer (10-15 MHz). An implant located just under the skin, under the fascia muscularis or one located deep in the muscle can most often be localized with ultrasound. In rare cases where ultrasound does not definitively locate the implant, magnetic resonance imaging is usually the next best choice. Measurements of serum etonogestrel levels may be necessary to confirm the presence or absence of the implant when it cannot be visualized by either of the two imaging methods. DISCUSSION: Close clinical coordination between women's health care providers and radiologists is required to minimize or prevent removal complications and to facilitate subsequent contraceptive management of the patient.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to determine the degree of difficulty in locating Implanon (Organon, Sydney, Australia) contraceptive rods which had been inserted suboptimally, using both ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Volunteers with correctly placed Implanon rods were recruited for normal scanning protocols. A phantom was used to display abnormal rod placements. Ultrasound imaging was carried out using a variety of transducers to demonstrate their suitability. An MRI scanning protocol was formulated to achieve required views in the shortest time. RESULTS: All Implanon rods were successfully imaged with both ultrasound and MRI. CONCLUSION: High resolution linear array transducers combined with the correct scanning protocol should enable visualisation of Implanon rods in almost all cases. The MRI imaging requires caution when differentiating blood vessels and fibrous septae from the Implanon rods.
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