PubMed · 6548060
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M R Bogomil'skiĭ, E V Mironova, Ia M Sapozhnikov, A M Tikhomirov. [Speech testing after cochlear implantation].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6548060/
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For the majority of patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) many available hearing aids often do not achieve satisfactory results. For these patients partially implantable hearing devices have been developed, allowing distortion-free hearing and speech intelligibility that may be superior to conventional hearing aids. The external parts of partial implants, however, may result in a patient's stigmatization. Furthermore, they do not use the acoustic properties of the external auditory canal. Recently, we published the successful development of the first totally implantable hearing device for the treatment of SNHL (HNO 46 [1998] 853-863). Here we report the first implantations of this unique, totally implantable electronic hearing system in patients with SNHL: Implex TICA LZ 3001. The implant microphone is implanted subcutaneously in the outer ear canal near the ear drum. The signal is processed by a digitally programmable multichannel audioprocessor located subcutaneously on the bony skull behind the ear. A piezoelectric transducer is coupled to the body of the incus and drives the ossicular chain by vibratory actions. Energy is provided by an implantable battery. Implanted patients describe hearing as being distortion-free and transparent. Speech intelligibility and the hearing of music are improved. Patients may achieve better speech discrimination, especially in the presence of background noise. The aid can be used during sports, including swimming. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the implantation of a totally implantable electronic hearing system in patients. These results encourage further implantations of the totally implantable hearing system in the course of an ongoing clinical study.
OBJECTIVE: The aim was to develop an assessment procedure that was independent of language and speech production ability, to test speech feature discrimination in severe-profoundly deaf children 2 to 4 yr of age. DESIGN: The procedure being trialed was adapted from existing procedures. The child was required to respond with a game-like motor response to a "change" in a speech stimulus that was being presented repeatedly through a speaker. The change occurred at randomly determined times, and false alarm responses were measured during the waiting periods (while the child waited for the change). Two- to four-yr-old normally hearing children and hearing-impaired children using hearing aids and a group of 4-yr-old hearing-impaired children using cochlear implants were assessed on the task. RESULTS: More than 82% of the 3- and 4-yr-old normally hearing and hearing-impaired children were able to complete the testing for the eight speech sound contrasts within three 20 minute sessions. Fifty percent of the 2-yr-old normally hearing and hearing-impaired children were able to condition and complete the task. All of the normally hearing children who completed the task successfully discriminated all speech sound contrasts. The performance of the hearing-impaired children using hearing aids was influenced by the degree of hearing loss and the type of speech contrast being tested. Similarly, the average performance of the children using cochlear implants was better for easier contrasts such as /ba/bi/ with contrasting vowel formant cues. CONCLUSIONS: This procedure has potential for use as a reliable clinical and research tool for assessing the development of auditory discrimination ability in 2- to 4-yr-old severe-profoundly deaf children.