PubMed · 6587857
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J L Godfrey. 1983-09-10. Unerupted maxillary canines.. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4805160
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Sentalloy springs (GAC, Central Islip, N.Y.) of the open and closed type were investigated with a special designed device. The closed coil springs were subjected to a tensile and the open coil springs to a compression test. After a first measurement, the springs were activated for a period of 4 weeks and then reinvestigated with the same procedure. It could be shown distinctly that, with the different coil springs, the force delivery given by the producer could be achieved only within certain limits. To remain in the martensitic plateau, changed activation ranges, and for the Sentalloy coil springs white and red of the open and closed type, also changed force deliveries had to be taken into account. There was a distinct decrease in force delivery between the first and second measurement. After considering the loading curves of all the Sentalloy coil springs and choosing the right activation range respective to the force delivery, it was found that the coil springs deliver a superior clinical behavior and open new treatment possibilities.
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Lingual retainers are today widely used in the long-term stabilization of incisors. In that they are left in place for a period of years, the question arises to what extent lingual retainers allow sufficient physiological movement. To answer this question first an in-vitro study of the inflexibility of various retainers under horizontal and vertical load was carried out. Next the retainer which limited physiological movement to the least degree was studied in-vivo. Both dynamic and static mobility measurements of the lower jaw front teeth were carried out on 5 patients before and after bonding the retainers. A self developed measuring instrument was used to make the static measurements and a periotest device was employed in the dynamic measurements. The in-vitro tests indicated that, with the exception of the retainer made of multistranded 0.0155" wire or glass fiber, a significant reduction in tooth mobility can be expected with all the retainers. However, the static in-vivo measurement carried out with the 0.0155" wire resulted in a distinct reduction in tooth movement. The dynamic measurements using the periotest device confirmed this finding. With regard to clinical practice within the framework of long-term retention, highly flexible retainers appear to be the most suitable and are to be recommended.