PubMed · 7011936
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R K Hobbie, R L Reece. 1981. Interpretive reporting by computer.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0046-8177(81)80100-1
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PURPOSE: We reexamined the relationship between preoperative serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate cancer volume in 290 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Serum samples from 290 consecutive patients were remeasured with the automated monoclonal-monoclonal Tosoh AIA-600 assay. These values were correlated with individual cancer volume by measuring Pearson correlation coefficients (r). RESULTS: Cancer was noted in the transition zone in 31 patients and in the peripheral zone in 259. Of the peripheral zone cancers 133 (51.4%) were organ confined and 126 (48.6%) were nonorgan confined, including 12 (9.5%) with histologically confirmed lymph node metastasis (stage D1). The 259 peripheral zone cancers had a correlation coefficient with PSA (r = 0.499, p < 0.0001). After distributing the 259 cases into cancer volume groups we found a large overlap in mean preoperative serum PSA, including 65 with 50% or greater Gleason grade 4 or 5 disease (r = 0.508). The correlation coefficients of cancer volume with PSA in 133 organ confined cancers, 114 nonorgan confined cancers without lymph node metastases and 12 nonorgan confined cancers with positive lymph nodes were 0.382, 0.438 and 0.363, respectively. The 31 transition zone cancers showed a correlation coefficient with PSA (r = 0.81). After excluding 2 cases with extreme PSA and cancer volume the correlation coefficient decreased (r = 0.077). CONCLUSIONS: Even when remeasured with an automated monoclonal-monoclonal assay serum PSA alone is unable to predict preoperatively cancer volume or distinguish between organ and nonorgan confined cancer in peripheral and transition zone tumors of the prostate.
In a prospective study of 353 patients who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 3 months and 12 months after surgery. Venous whole blood glucose and venous plasma glucose samples were assayed on a bench-top analyser. The World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus were applied to venous whole blood glucose and venous plasma glucose measurements. The difference between the plasma and whole blood concentration of glucose was 0.79-0.86 mmol l-1 at a plasma glucose of 7.8 mmol l-1 and 1.22-1.24 mmol l-1 at a plasma glucose of 11.1 mmol l-1 (compared to 1.1 mmol l-1 by World Health Organization criteria at both cut-points). Despite this, in our subject population with a high prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (20.3% at 3 months, 15.3% at 12 months) and diabetes mellitus (10.1% at 3 months and 12 months), there was no significant difference in the proportion classified impaired glucose tolerance or having diabetes mellitus using venous whole blood glucose compared to venous plasma glucose. We conclude that despite the minor anomaly between WHO diagnostic criteria based on venous whole blood glucose and venous plasma glucose measurements, these criteria are robust and give broadly comparable population prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance irrespective of blood sample choice.
An approach to the automated interpretation of quality control data is described in which the relationship between small changes in system performance and the resulting small changes in the measured quality control test results are approximated as a set of linear equations in matrix form. The inverse of this forward matrix is then used to identify causal changes from the set of measured changes. This approach has been investigated for the case of mammographic screening quality assurance and shown to provide a potentially useful tool to assist in the interpretation task.