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PubMed · 7055950

A candidate reference method for uric acid in serum. II. Interlaboratory testing.

P Duncan·N Gochman·D Bayse·R Burnett·N Carey·R Carter·W D Fellows·C Garber·G Kessler·R McComb·W Miller·P Nast·W Ryan·R Schaffer·B Tejeda·R Vanderlinde·G Widdowson
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Abstract

We describe the interlaboratory testing of a candidate Reference Method (Part I) for uric acid in serum. The method is based on the ultrasound spectrophotometric quantitation of uric acid before and after incubation with uricase. A comprehensive investigation involving 12 laboratories was organized to document the transferability, intra- and interlaboratory precision, and general reliability of the candidate Reference Method. The interlaboratory CV with this method was about 2 to 6% for uric acid concentrations ranging from 0.12 to 0.60 mmol/L. The results detailed here demonstrate that the method can be successfully duplicated among different laboratories.

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Evaluation Studies as TopicHumansReference StandardsSpectrophotometry, UltravioletUric AcidJournal Article

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P Duncan, N Gochman, D Bayse, R Burnett, N Carey, R Carter, W D Fellows, C Garber, G Kessler, R McComb, W Miller, P Nast, W Ryan, R Schaffer, B Tejeda, R Vanderlinde, G Widdowson. 1982. A candidate reference method for uric acid in serum. II. Interlaboratory testing.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7055950/

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Advanced interactive planning techniques for conformal therapy: high level beam descriptions and volumetric mapping techniques.

PURPOSE: To aid in design of conformal radiation therapy treatment plans involving many conformally shaped fields, this work investigates the use of two methodologies to enhance the ease of interactive treatment planning: high-level beam constructs and beam's-eye view volumetric mapping. METHODS AND MATERIALS: High-performance computer graphics running on various workstations using a graphical visualization system (AVS) have been used in this work. Software specific to this application has been written in standard FORTRAN and C languages. A new methodology is introduced by defining radiation therapy "fields" to be composed of multiple beam "segments." Fields can then be defined as higher-level entities such as arcs, cones, and other shapes. A "segmental cone" field, for example, is defined by a symmetry axis and a cone angle, and can be used to rapidly place a series of beam segments that converge at the target volume, while reducing the degree of overlap elsewhere. A new beam's-eye view (BEV) volumetric mapping technique is presented to aid in selecting the placement of conformal radiation fields. With this technique, the relative average dose within an organ of interest is calculated for a sampling of isocentric, conformally shaped beams and displayed either as a "globe," which can be combined with the display of anatomical surfaces, or as a two-dimensionally mapped projection. The dose maps from multiple organs can be generated, stacked, or composited with relative weightings to aid in the placement of fields that minimize overlap with critical structures. RESULTS: The use of these new methodologies is demonstrated for prostate and lung treatment sites and compared to conventional planning techniques. DISCUSSION: The use of many beams for conformal treatment delivery is difficult with current interactive planning. The use of high-level beam constructs provides a means to quickly specify, place, and configure multiple beam arrangements. The BEV volumetrics aids in the placing of fields, which minimize involvement with critical normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Early experience with the new methodologies suggest that the new methods help to enhance (or at least speed up) the ability of a treatment planner to create optimal radiation treatment field arrangements.

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