PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 769518

The catecholamines in essential hypertension.

M Mendlowitz·N D Vlachakis
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The evidence for involvement of the catecholamines and their metabolites in essential hypertension is presented. Labile and established essential hypertension should be considered individually in this respect, although they may exist separately or together. Labile essential hypertension is more related to increased secretion as well as increased response to and decreased retention of epinephrine rather than norepinephrine, whereas established essential hypertension is more related to similar aspects of norepinephrine release and metabolism. Whether pure epinephrine hyperresponsiveness, abnormal metabolism, and secretion evolves into the pure norepinephrine hyperresponsiveness and abnormal metabolism of uncomplicated established essential hypertension can only be proved by long-term longitudinal study. Such investigation would also be required to identify the evolution of mixed types of the disease.

Explore related subjects

CatecholaminesEpinephrineHumansNorepinephrineJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

M Mendlowitz, N D Vlachakis. 1976. The catecholamines in essential hypertension.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-8703(76)80224-4

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Endocrine function is not impaired in patients with a continuous MicroMed-DeBakey axial flow pump.

OBJECTIVES: Pulsatile blood flow has been regarded to be of importance for the regulation of endocrine organs. A new generation of continuous flow mechanical blood pumps is now available for clinical application. Patients with implanted MicroMed-DeBakey axial pumps show nonphysiologic low-pulsatile blood flow profiles, and therefore it appeared to be of interest to evaluate their possible effect on the endocrine system. METHODS: Eight male patients and 1 female patients (mean age, 51 +/- 10 years) with end-stage left-sided heart failure were implanted with a MicroMed-DeBakey axial pump. After a mean period of 67 +/- 19 days, basal pituitary hormone concentrations and their responses to a bolus injection of hypothalamic releasing hormones were tested. In addition, thyroid hormones, testosterone, and plasma and urinary catecholamine levels were measured at baseline. RESULTS: Administration of the hypothalamic releasing hormones revealed normal responses of all pituitary hormones (adrenocorticotropic hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin), except for growth hormone, the response of which was slightly impaired (10.2 +/- 6.8 vs 19.9 +/- 6.5 ng/L, P < .05). Also, the cortisol response to the corticotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated adrenocorticotropic hormone release was normal, as were basal concentrations of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine), testosterone, and urinary catecholamines. CONCLUSIONS: Implantation of a continuous flow axial pump with low-pulsatile blood flow profile appears to have no major effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-endorgan system and sympathoadrenal functions. This finding is reassuring for the growing number of patients treated with this convenient new pump and could contribute considerably to their prognosis and quality of life.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed2006

Alteration of hormone and neurotransmitter production in cultured cells by high and low frequency electrical stimulation.

HFS has become a widely used method in functional neurosurgery. However, its mechanism is not well understood, and its cellular and molecular effects have not yet been investigated. The aim of the study was to understand which cellular events, unrelated to the network organization of cells or neurons, participate in the mechanism of action of HFS. In vitro cellular effects of high (HFS) and low (LFS) frequency electrical stimulation on prolactin secretion in GH3 cell lines (prolactinoma), as well as the catecholaminergic secretion on PC12 cells (pheochromocytoma) were investigated. Cells were cultured in dishes with integrated electrodes to deliver stimulation at the same parameters as those used in clinical conditions to treat advanced forms of Parkinson's disease. Prolactin production was measured in GH3 using a Radio-Immuno-Assay. Dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine were measured in PC12 using Enzymo-immuno-assays. HFS for 24 hours reduced prolactin secretion by 40.3%, dopamine by 32.7%, epinephrine by 18.1% (non significant) and norepinephrine by 27.0%. LFS did not induce significant changes. These results suggest that HFS has an inhibitory impact on the cellular machinery responsible for hormone and neurotransmitter production. In this model of isolated cultured cells, network interactions and particularly presynaptic actions are discarded. HFS has inhibitory effects on cellular mechanisms responsible for the production and release of molecules participating in intercellular communication. This HFS-induced inhibition might participate in the lesion-like effect of therapeutic HFS in the basal ganglia during various movement disorders.

Catecholamines↗