PubMed · 7925049
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W G Junger, F C Liu, W B Loomis, D B Hoyt. 1994. Hypertonic saline solution as disinfectant.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7925049/
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OBJECTIVES: To determine whether patches obscuring half the visual field affect eye movement in subjects with unilateral spatial neglect and whether there is consequent improvement in the subject's everyday life, and to interpret the potential changes observed with the aid of a theoretical model. DESIGN: Prospective and randomized study. SETTING: Rehabilitation medicine department in an urban general hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty-two subjects with left unilateral neglect. INTERVENTION: Two eye-patching procedures-right half-field patches (n = 7) and right mononuclar patch (n = 7)-and control group (n = 8). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Functional tests (FIM) and analytical tests (measurement of right eye movements by photo-oculography) at admission and after 3 months. RESULTS: Results of the paired comparison tests showed (1) significant differences between the control group and the group with the half-eye patches for total FIM score (p = .01) and the displacements of the right eye in the left field (p = .02), and (2) no significant differences between the control group and the group with the right monocular patch. CONCLUSION: Patching the right half-field helped subjects initially regain voluntary control over the deficit. The actual interpretation is based on physiologic and psychophysiologic models.
The effect of an unmeasured exposure on the association between an exposure and outcome can never be fully known in an observational study. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the sensitivity to unmeasured confounding of the previously published association between wound duration and wound healing in a chronic venous leg ulcer. This was estimated using two methods of sensitivity analysis, called Rosenbaum's method and Greenland's external adjustment. The association between wound duration and wound healing was insensitive to confounding unless the odds ratio for the association between the confounder and a younger wound was almost nine (Rosenbaum). In fact, the association between this hypothetical confounder and healing must have an odds ratio of 100 to remove the effect of duration fully (Greenland). Both of these techniques provide useful and complementary information when assessing the effects of a potential unmeasured confounder.
A significant number of patients with chronic venous insufficiency, venous hypertension, and venous ulceration are cared for by WOC nurses and other health care practitioners in the hospital, at home, or in an office setting. Although chronic and complicated in nature, all 3 of these disease processes may be successfully treated with gradient compression therapy. Many practitioners, however, are unaware that compression is the treatment of choice for venous ulceration, venous insufficiency, and venous hypertension. Instead, they rely primarily or exclusively on topical treatments to promote ulcer healing, and frequently become frustrated when such treatments fail or when ulceration recurs. The purpose of this article is to present an evidence-based rationale for the use of gradient compression therapy as the mainstay of venous ulcer treatment.