PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 7967075

[Photodensitometry: microdensitometry (MD): digital image processing method (DIP)].

K Ohama·M Sanada·H Nakagawa
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

The principles of microdensitometry (MD) and digital image processing method (DIP), as well as the application of these methods to measure bone mineral density in clinical practice, were mentioned in the report. MD and DIP assess bone mineral content and bone mineral density by analyzing relative contrast of the metacarpus II on X-ray image. However, the parameters obtained by these methods have been reported to be closely related to lumber vertebral bone mineral density and whole-body bone mineral content as measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Being easy to use, MD and DIP are adequate for the screening of osteoporosis. Once any reduction in bone mineral content or bone mineral density is shown by MD or DIP, it is recommendable to measure bone mineral density of vertebrae and femoral neck by DXA.

Explore related subjects

Absorptiometry, PhotonBone DensityHumansOsteoporosisEnglish AbstractJournal ArticleReview

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

K Ohama, M Sanada, H Nakagawa. 1994. [Photodensitometry: microdensitometry (MD): digital image processing method (DIP)].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7967075/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed1997

Phalangeal bone density and hip fracture risk.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the long-term predictive usefulness of radiographic absorptiometry measurements of phalangeal bone density for hip fracture risk. METHODS: Participants were members of the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Epidemiologic Follow Up Study cohort. Subjects were followed up for a maximum of 16 years. The First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized civilians. A cohort of 3481 white and black subjects (1559 white women) aged 45 through 74 years at baseline (1971-1975) were observed through 1987. Ninety-eight percent of the original cohort completed the study. Hospital records and death certificates were used to identify a total of 72 hip fracture cases. Phalangeal bone density at baseline was measured using photodensitometry (PD), and later reanalyzed by radiographic absorptiometry (RA), a newer, more sophisticated technique. RESULTS: Results were evaluated to determine the relative risk for hip fracture per 1-SD decrease in bone density, after controlling for age at baseline, race, gender, weight, and previous fractures. Both RA and PD measurements showed a significant inverse relationship to hip fracture risk, with RA density measurements showing a slightly higher adjusted relative risk per 1-SD density decrease than PD measurements. For RA bone density, the relative risk for all subjects was 1.81 (95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.44) compared with 1.57 (95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.07) for PD bone density after adjusting for age at baseline, race, gender, weight, and previous fractures. Results for white women were essentially the same as those for all subjects for RA bone density and PD bone density. CONCLUSIONS: Phalangeal bone density determined from standard hand x-ray films is a significant predictor of future hip fracture risk. Availability of a valid method to assess fracture risk using conventional radiographs will expand the ability to identify individuals with osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1997

Timing of postmenopausal estrogen for optimal bone mineral density. The Rancho Bernardo Study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of the timing of initiation and the duration of postmenopausal estrogen therapy on bone mineral density (BMD). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: White, middle-class to upper middle-class community-dwelling women. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 740 women aged 60 to 98 years who participated in a study of osteoporosis. MEASUREMENTS: Questionnaire, validated medication use, and height and weight. Bone mineral density at the ultradistal radius and midshaft radius using single-photon absorptiometry (SPA) and at the hip and lumbar spine using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). RESULTS: Of the 740 women, 69% had used oral estrogen after menopause and 30% were current users. Five groups of estrogen use were identified: never users, past users who started at menopause, past users who started after age 60 years, current users who started after age 60 years, and current users who started at menopause. At all 4 bone sites, current users who started at menopause had the highest BMD levels, which were significantly higher than never users or past users who started at menopause (with 10 years' duration of use). These differences persisted after controlling for all major risk factors for osteoporosis. Among current users, there was no significant difference in BMD levels at any site between those who started estrogen at menopause (with 20 years of use) and those who started after age 60 years (with 9 years of use). CONCLUSIONS: Estrogen initiated in the menopausal period and continued into late life is associated with the highest bone density. Nevertheless, estrogen begun after age 60 years and continued appears to offer nearly equal bone-conserving benefit.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1997

Forestalling fracture in osteoporosis.

When osteoporosis is imminent, simple clinical measures--risk reduction and preventive steps such as calcium supplementation and exercise--are in order. Estrogen replacement offers excellent protection in menopausal women. When disease is apparent, bone densitometry can confirm the diagnosis and therapy can be chosen from a widening palette that includes calcitonin and the bisphosphonates.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗