PubMed · 8094857
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J N Davies. 1993-03-06. Abdominal aortic aneurysm.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)90395-w
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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a prevalent and fatal cardiovascular condition characterized by a high incidence rate and nonspecific clinical manifestations, with no effective preventive or therapeutic measures currently available. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been identified as significant biomarkers for disease diagnosis due to their essential functions in transposon suppression, maintenance of genomic stability, immune response, and epigenetic modulation. The piRNA is intimately associated with various diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy, tumors, and neurodegeneration, yet its role in AAA is unclear. In this study, we employed gene sequencing to analyze the piRNA expression profiles in AAA vascular tissues and predicted variations in their target genes. Our findings revealed a total of 1368 piRNAs with abnormal expression in the AAA group relative to the control group, including 1240 up-regulated and 128 down-regulated piRNAs (|log2(fold change)| ≥ 1.0), with 82 demonstrating significant differences (P < 0.05). Through bioinformatics analysis, it was determined that the Wnt signaling pathway, calcium signaling, TNF-α and the p53 pathway are crucial mechanisms by which piRNAs contribute to the development of AAA. RT-qPCR confirmed that hsa_piR_011324 was the most significantly up-regulated piRNA in AAA (P < 0.0001), corroborating RNA sequencing results. Further results indicate that hsa_piR_011324 promotes phenotypic transformation of human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs), enhances the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), increased up-regulation of inflammation-related markers IL-1β and TNF-α, and induces apoptotic processes. In conclusion, the present study emphasizes the important regulatory role of hsa_piR_011324 in AAA, suggesting that it holds promise as a prospective target for diagnostic and therapeutic intervention.
BACKGROUND: Many patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) who are cared for by internists are not good candidates for surgery. Elective repair is usually deferred in these patients until the AAA reaches a diameter at which the estimated risk of rupture is believed to outweigh the operative risk. The risk of rupture is usually estimated by a consulting vascular surgeon, but whether these estimates are well-supported or consistent has not previously been assessed. OBJECTIVE: To determine the agreement among vascular surgeons about the risk of rupture of large AAAs. METHODS: All individual members of the Society for Vascular Surgery (Manchester, Mass) residing in the United States were mailed a survey asking for their estimates of the likelihood of rupture of large AAAs. RESULTS: The response rate was 66% and the 257 respondents who reported that they were practicing vascular surgeons constitute the study group. The median estimates of the 1-year risk of rupture were 20% for 6.5-cm AAAs and 30% for 7.5-cm AAAs, with one third of respondents estimating 50% or greater risk of rupture for 7.5-cm AAAs and nearly one third estimating 50% or greater risk of rupture for 6.5-cm AAAs. The responses spanned a wide range and were generally much higher than would be expected based on published data and estimates. CONCLUSIONS: This survey demonstrates profound disagreement among vascular surgeons about the risk of rupture of large AAAs, reflecting a lack of pertinent published data. Better data are necessary and are being collected.
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