PubMed · 8127557
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L T Nordan, W A Maxwell. 1994. Radial keratotomy predictability.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8127557/
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of cryotherapy on refractive error status between ages 3 months and 10 years in children with birth weights of less than 1251 g in whom severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) developed in one or both eyes during the neonatal period. DESIGN: Randomized clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred ninety-one children in whom severe ROP developed during the neonatal period. INTERVENTION: Cryotherapy for ROP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Cycloplegic Refraction METHODS: The children underwent repeated follow-up eye examinations, including cycloplegic retinoscopy, between 3 months and 10 years after term due date. Refractive error data from all eyes that were randomized to cryotherapy were compared with data from all eyes that were randomized to serve as controls. Refractive error data were also compared for a subset of children who had both a treated and a control eye that could be refracted. RESULTS: At all ages, the proportion of treated eyes that were unable to be refracted because of retinal detachment, media opacity, or pupillary miosis was approximately half the proportion of the control eyes that were unable to be refracted. When data from all eyes that could be refracted were considered, the distribution of refractive errors between fewer than 8 diopters (D) of myopia and more than 8 D of hyperopia was similar for treated and control eyes at all ages. The proportion of eyes with 8 D or more of myopia was much higher in treated than in control eyes at all ages after 3 months. In the subset of children who had a treated eye and a control eye that could be refracted, distributions of refractive errors in treated versus control eyes were similar at most ages. CONCLUSIONS: In both treated and control eyes, there was an increase in the prevalence of high myopia between 3 and 12 months of age. Between 12 months and 10 years of age, there was little change in distribution of refractive error in treated or control eyes. The higher prevalence of myopia of 8 D or more in treated eyes, as compared with control eyes, may be the result of cryotherapy's preservation of retinal structure in eyes that, in the absence of cryotherapy, would have progressed to retinal detachment.
To test several methods of assessing surgically induced astigmatism (SIA). Department of Ophthalmology, Arhus University Hospital, Arhus, Denmark. Assessment methods can be divided into 3 groups. Group 1 includes methods that consider only astigmatic magnitude and disregard astigmatic direction, such as the algebraic and simple subtraction methods. Group 2 can be termed "astigmatic magnitude not considering axis" and includes several almost identical techniques known as the methods of Naylor, Jaffe, Kaye, Holladay, and Olsen. Group 3 includes Naeser polar value analysis and the methods later described by Alpins and Holladay. The methods were tested in situations in which the expected result was known. When this result was not produced, the specific assessment method was considered falsified in a classical Popperian manner. The simple falsification experiments revealed that the methods in Groups 1 and 2 are erroneous. Mathematical analysis disclosed that the methods in Group 3 are similar, although derived from different concepts. The algebraic, simple subtraction, astigmatic magnitude not considering axis, and vector decomposition methods for assessment of SIA are erroneous and should not be used. The Naeser, Alpins, and Holladay methods are identical and in agreement with current research in optometry.
A patient with high myopia and astigmatism had cataract extraction with implantation of 2 silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) of opposite power (ie, 1 plus and 1 minus). A Staar AA4203TL toric IOL (+9.50 diopters [D]/3.50 D) and a Staar AQ5010V additive lens (-3.00 D) were used to correct both the astigmatism and the high myopia. The use of the 2 lenses was necessary because the toric IOL was not available in low dioptric powers. A crystalline interpseudophakos deposit developed after 1 week and resolved after 4 weeks. Three months postoperatively, the patient had an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25.