PubMed · 8176067
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M Arnold. 1994. TMD observed.. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.1994.0050
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The use of occlusal adjustment as a treatment for temporomandibular disorders has been questioned because of lack of evidence that occlusal factors play an etiologic role; lack of evidence that this irreversible treatment modality has sufficient efficacy, when reversible modalities are available; the self-limiting character of the disorders; and the possibility of adverse effects. However, controlled clinical trials have yielded results that are difficult to explain unless occlusal factors have a causal role in temporomandibular disorders. Controlled clinical trials also suggest an effect for occlusal adjustment on chronic headaches and on chronic neck and shoulder pain in comparison with conventional treatments. Moreover, no adverse effects of properly conducted occlusal adjustments have been reported. In view of the possibility that occlusal factors have a causal role in temporomandibular disorders, research efforts on the role of occlusion should be intensified, and teaching should be revised accordingly.
This review shows that experimental occlusal interferences (prematurities) may cause changes in the myoelectric contraction patterns of the human jaw muscles, and changes in the translatory motion patterns of the human mandible. However, it has not been unequivocally established that the observed changes have specific long-term detrimental effects. On the other hand, it is apparent that experimental occlusal interferences are associated with short-term clinical symptoms and signs, such as jaw muscle fatigue and pains, headaches, pains and clickings in the temporomandibular joints. This review suggests that new paradigms involving experimental occlusal interferences should be introduced.
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