PubMed · 8361545
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J W Leverenz. 1993-09-02. Gaining time.. https://doi.org/10.1038/365008c0
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The multidisciplinary treatment team has become a conventional component of inpatient psychiatric care delivery. Treatment team dynamics and their implications for the patient, the team members, the organization, and the team leader in particular have been generally understated in the training of psychiatrists, however, as has its value as a model for learning about administration. This article highlights the history and evolution of the multidisciplinary treatment team in psychiatry, the mix of mental health disciplines, philosophies, and roles involved, the characteristics of mental health care professionals, the conflicting manifest and latent work group tasks, and the dynamics and functions of team leadership. While reviewing information on which to base a systematic approach to team leadership, the author advocates for application of universal standards for education in administrative psychiatry including supervised leadership of multidisciplinary treatment teams and discussions of complimentary readings, examples of which are provided.
This study reports a stochastic (Markov) model for squash which uses empirical data to transit event states on a shot by shot basis. This offers more information than traditional models with regard to how points were won or lost and the potential for predicting future athletic performance from a priori observation. The predictive capacity of the model, however, is presently restricted because the observed behaviors (shots) and associated outcomes (winners, errors and lets) are statistically variant (p < .25). A player does not produce a consistent athletic response to the same preceding condition when competing against different opponents, although it is unclear at present whether this observation is a function of the particular analysis employed. Nevertheless, the modeling of athletic behavior is a way to search for critical data which underpin competitive sport performance.
Grandma's Marathon has been run each year in June since 1977 in Duluth, MN. It is ranked in the top 20 marathons and in 1993 was ranked the ninth largest and fourth fastest in the United States. As Grandma's Marathon continues to grow each year, so do concerns for the runners' safety. A half marathon was added in 1991 and earlier race times have been implemented to make the race safer for the runners. During the years of 1989-1995, data from the medical tent, weather bureau, and race booklets were analyzed using odds ratios to predict factors associated with a need for medical assistance. The odds of needing assistance were almost two times higher before implementing the half marathon and the odds of needing assistance decreased with earlier start times. Except for 1994 when the race was later, the percent of finishers seeking medical attention has decreased each year, a fact that we feel is a direct result of these race changes. Thus, the addition a half marathon and earlier start times can help decrease the number of people needing medical assistance.