PubMed · 8461794
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C M Ridley, S M Neill. 1993-02-27. Circumcision.. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.306.6877.583-c
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Circumcision is a commonly performed procedure, but medical indications remain controversial. Most disorders of the penis in childhood can be diagnosed and managed by the primary care pediatrician. However, some require early recognition and surgical intervention, and prompt referral to a pediatric surgeon or urologist will optimize outcome. This article discusses the recognition and initial management of these problems, particularly those most commonly seen or followed in the outpatient setting. In addition, the authors review the issues of circumcision.
OBJECTIVE: To review the results of different methods of urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-eight patients underwent urethroplasty for BXO; 12 had a one-stage pedicled penile skin-flap urethroplasty and 16 excision and a two-stage free-graft urethroplasty using nongenital skin. RESULTS: The treatment failed in all patients undergoing a one-stage pedicle penile skin urethroplasty because the disease recurred with BXO, whereas the treatment failed in only one patient using a two-stage free graft procedure. CONCLUSION: A two-stage free-graft urethroplasty using nongenital skin is recommended for anterior urethral strictures caused by BXO.
Common pathogens and unconventional, fastidious bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi are causative agents in male urethroadnexitis. Uropathogens and sexually transmitted organisms must be considered. Diagnostic procedures and criteria for aetiologic classification in cases of balanitis, urethritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, and orchitis are described and evaluated.