PubMed · 8495529
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P Stĕpánová. 1993. [Is non-maternal behavior increasing?].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8495529/
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OBJECTIVES: In Japan, Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook have been widely used for more than fifty years. However, there has been no evaluation research from the users' point of view. We therefore conducted a questionnaire survey of guardians to evaluate how they utilize MCH handbooks. METHODS: A well-structured questionnaire survey was carried out in 231 municipalities, towns and villages of four prefectures (Gifu, Hiroshima, Niigata and Shizuoka) and one city (Yokohama) in November and December 1999. The targets were 13,271 guardians who visited health stations for 18-month examinations of their children and agreed to participated in our research. The questionnaire covered situation of usage and loss by guardians, utility from the users' perspective, and suggestions for improvement. RESULTS: We obtained answers from 10,900 guardians. As for reading rate and writing rate, 98.3% of respondents had read and 97.8% of them had written down something in relation. Only 0.9% of respondents had lost this MCH handbook. Generally, 87.0% of respondents answered that MCH handbook was helpful for child bearing and 81.6% of them said the record for immunization was useful. However, 34.1% of respondents answered it was not simple to utilize MCH handbook and 60.6% of them requested more detail on child bearing. As for dental health, the completion rate for information was low and only 21.3% of respondents reported for the dental record was useful. CONCLUSIONS: The research shows MCH handbook are highly utilized in Japan by almost all guardians. However, there are still problems to be solved; many guardians feel that they are not simple to use and the section on dental health is not highly particularly helpful. Improvements should be made in future in light of the viewpoints of guardians and parents.
BACKGROUND: Although much research has focused on parental report of infant sleep position since the 1992 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendation for non-prone placement, few studies have examined physician recommendations regarding infant sleep. This study examined differences between resident recommendations for infant sleep position and cosleeping (bed sharing) and parental report of practice. We also assessed socioeconomic differences in parent practice, awareness, and acceptability of AAP guidelines. METHODS: We conducted a telephone survey of parents of 2-, 4-, 8-, and 12-month-old infants from two family practice centers. All 27 residents at both centers completed a paper and pencil survey. RESULTS: Resident recommendations and parental practices differed significantly for both sleep positioning and cosleeping. Parents of 165 infants participated, revealing that higher socioeconomic families were more aware of compliant with, and more accepting of AAP recommendations for supine positioning. CONCLUSIONS: Parents consistently report that their physician or nurse is the primary source of information for infant sleep. Results of this study, however, indicate significant differences between physician recommendation and parental practice and acceptability of AAP guidelines. Physicians need to continue to discuss this information past the newborn period.
A descriptive study of pre-school poisoning in Khon Kaen province revealed that poisoning had a lower incidence rate and a much lower proportion of all hospital attendances than that reported in western studies. This could have been because grandparents, if not parents, still had a major role in child-rearing. This advantage was supported by increased affection as reflected by the finding that children were described as easy-to-take-care of ("Jiang-ngai") and not difficult ("liang-yaak") children, as reported in previous western studies where non-related baby-sitters were common. However, many disadvantages including illiteracy, age disabilities, improper supervision, and poor understanding of the risks of poisoning were identified in child caregivers in this study.