Interface analysis in biosensor design.

W Göpel; P Heiduschka

doi:10.1016/0956-5663(95)99225-a

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 8652106

Interface analysis in biosensor design.

W Göpel·P Heiduschka

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

In a survey, the analytical tools to characterise and optimise properties and stabilities of interfaces in thin film biosensors are discussed. After an introduction to microscopic and spectroscopic techniques and different transducers, case studies are presented. They concern bioaffinity sensors with particular emphasis on biomimetic recognition structures, catalytic sensors, transmembrane sensors, cell sensors, and the ambitious goal of addressing individual biomolecular function units.

Explore related subjects

Biosensing Techniques Electrodes Microscopy Proteins Signal Transduction Spectrum Analysis Surface Properties Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

W Göpel, P Heiduschka. 1995. Interface analysis in biosensor design.. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-5663(95)99225-a

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2026

From host response to genomic targets: electrochemical biosensing of tuberculosis biomarkers.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent worldwide, with timely diagnosis continuing to be a major challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings. Conventional TB diagnostic methods are limited by low sensitivity, long turnaround times, and an inability to reliably differentiate latent from active disease. Biomarker-based diagnostic strategies have therefore gained increasing attention as they offer the potential to improve early detection, disease differentiation, and treatment monitoring. Herein, we examine electrochemical biosensing strategies for TB diagnostics using a biomarker-class-driven framework, covering host-response biomarkers (IFN-γ and TNF-α), pathogen-derived antigens (ESAT6, CFP10, CFP10-ESAT6, MPT64, Ag85, HspX and LpqH), cell-wall signatures and whole-cell markers (LAM and whole cell Mtb), and genomic markers (Mtb DNA and IS6110). Through structured comparison of recognition elements, biointerface designs, signal amplification strategies, electrochemical techniques, matrices, and validation levels, this review identifies the most promising technical approaches for different TB biomarker classes. It further highlights key translational bottlenecks, including limited clinical validation, buffer-based testing, complex multistep amplification, redox-probe dependence, matrix fouling, and insufficient evidence of manufacturability. This review therefore provides practical guidance for developing electrochemical TB biosensors that are analytically sensitive, clinically relevant, and suitable for decentralized diagnostic applications.

Biosensing Techniques↗

PubMed2026

Metal-organic frameworks nanozyme-integrated portable microneedle patch for visual bacterial monitoring in meat.

Foodborne microbial contamination is a major global health concern, with conventional methods often being time-consuming and complex. Herein, we developed a novel portable biosensor by integrating microneedle patch technology and a metal-organic framework (Fe/Cu-NBDC MOF) nanozyme, enabling rapid, on-site, visual detection of bacteria in meat. The sensing system works by encapsulating aptamer-functionalized MOF nanozymes within a hydrogel patch, where their catalytic sites are initially blocked by the aptamer. In the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as the target, the specific aptamer's binding to bacteria exposes numerous catalytic sites, further activating the chromogenic reaction of the tetramethylbenzidine‑hydrogen peroxide (TMB-H₂O₂) system, enabling visual detection of S. aureus. The biosensor demonstrates a detection limit of 82 CFU/mL with excellent specificity to successfully apply to commercial mutton. By integrating sampling, enrichment, and visual detection into a single compact device, this platform offers a practical, efficient solution for rapid on-site screening of foodborne pathogens.

Biosensing Techniques↗

PubMed1998

Diphtheria toxin:receptor interaction: association, dissociation, and effect of pH.

Diphtheria toxin (DT) binds to a specific heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) precursor that is expressed in DT-sensitive cells. DT binds to the cell-surface HB-EGF precursor with an apparent dissociation constant (KD) of approximately 1 x 10(-8) - 10(-9) M at 4 degreesC, a temperature at which toxin binds but is not internalized. The interaction of DT with the cell-surface receptor, however, may be influenced by other cell-surface components. We used a biosensor method to measure the binding of DT to immobilized recombinant human HB-EGF (hHB-EGF) at 25 degreesC with no other cellular components present. We observed that at pH 7.4, using this in vitro two component system, DT binds to hHB-EGF with an apparent KD of 2.7 x 10(-8) M. We also observed that the dissociation of DT from hHB-EGF at pH values that approach those of the endosome occurs at a faster rate as the pH is decreased. These results suggest that the low pH of the endosome is sufficient to allow DT to dissociate from the HB-EGF precursor, prior to the translocation of the enzymatically active fragment of DT into the cytosol.

Biosensing Techniques↗