PubMed Health⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 8832183

On the solvent motion in electrophoretic systems.

S V Ermakov·M Y Zhukov·P G Righetti
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

A corrected model describing transport processes for multicomponent mixtures in electric field is proposed. This model is more consistent compared to the other models of this sort used for simulations of electrophoresis in the case of concentrated solutions. The main idea underlying the model is in accounting for the motion of a solvent. Usually the concentrations of solutes are considered small compared to that of a solvent and the equation describing its motion is not considered. This automatically leads to the violation of momentum balance and, hence, to the defects of the model itself. In the model presented in the paper by means of redefining the mass fluxes the balance of momentum is satisfied automatically while the equations governing the evolution of the system look more symmetric and simple. This model allows us to discover some fine effects in evolution of the mixture and clarify the essence of some conservation laws (conservation of the Kohlrausch function) arising in the simplified mathematical models describing electromigration phenomena.

Explore related subjects

Electric ConductivityElectrolytesElectrophoresisMathematical ComputingModels, MolecularSolventsJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

S V Ermakov, M Y Zhukov, P G Righetti. 1996. On the solvent motion in electrophoretic systems.. https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150170625

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

Conductance-controlled point functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

We used covalent attachments to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to fabricate single-molecule electronic devices. The technique does not rely on submicrometer lithography or precision mechanical manipulation, but instead uses circuit conductance to monitor and control covalent attachment to an electrically connected SWNT. Discrete changes in the circuit conductance revealed chemical processes happening in real time and allowed the SWNT sidewalls to be deterministically broken, reformed, and conjugated to target species. By controlling the chemistry through electronically controlled electrochemical potentials, we were able to achieve single chemical attachments. We routinely functionalized pristine, defect-free SWNTs at one, two, or more sites and demonstrated three-terminal devices in which a single attachment controls the electronic response.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed2007

A model explaining genotypic and ontogenetic variation of leaf photosynthetic rate in rice (Oryza sativa) based on leaf nitrogen content and stomatal conductance.

BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS: Identification of physiological traits associated with leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) is important for improving potential productivity of rice (Oryza sativa). The objectives of this study were to develop a model which can explain genotypic variation and ontogenetic change of Pn in rice under optimal conditions as a function of leaf nitrogen content per unit area (N) and stomatal conductance (g(s)), and to quantify the effects of interaction between N and g(s) on the variation of Pn. METHODS: Pn, N and g(s) were measured at different developmental stages for the topmost fully expanded leaves in ten rice genotypes with diverse backgrounds grown in pots (2002) and in the field (2001 and 2002). A model of Pn that accounts for carboxylation and CO diffusion processes, and assumes that the ratio of internal conductance to g(s) is constant, was constructed, and its goodness of fit was examined. KEY RESULTS: Considerable genotypic differences in Pn were evident for rice throughout development in both the pot and field experiments. The genotypic variation of Pn was correlated with that of g(s) at a given stage, and the change of Pn with plant development was closely related to the change of N. The variation of g(s) among genotypes was independent of that of N. The model explained well the variation in Pn of the ten genotypes grown under different conditions at different developmental stages. Conclusions The response of Pn to increased N differs with g(s), and the increase in Pn of genotypes with low g(s) is smaller than that of genotypes with high g(s). Therefore, simultaneous improvements of these two traits are essential for an effective breeding of rice genotypes with increased Pn.

Electric Conductivity↗