PubMed · 8859209
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A S Segal. 1996-10-15. Salty language is confusing.. https://doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1996.11443363
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Our dialysis unit observed fluid noncompliance over a wide variety of patients. The consequences of fluid abuse that can include systemic and cardiovascular overload are a frequent clinic complication of hemodialysis patients. In spite of all our attempts, our dialysis unit continued to have a substantial group of patients who could not adhere to their fluid restriction. Our dialysis unit needed a novel program to help motivate patients to comply with diet/medication fluid regimens. A method that seems to work well in our dialysis unit is playing unit-wide games. We developed "The Fluid Game," an original patient education idea, for providing renal patients with a fun incentive to keep their interdialytic weight gains within acceptable limits.
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OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the hydration and the levels of free and total sodium in human corneal stromata preserved for up to 21 days in a dextran and chondroitin sulfate-based corneal storage medium (Optisol-GS, Chiron IntraOptics, Irvine, Calif) and to evaluate the effect of epithelial removal on stromal sodium and hydration parameters. METHODS: Stromal hydration was evaluated thermogravimetrically. A sodium-specific electrode and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer were used to determine the amounts of free and of total stromal sodium, respectively, of preserved human corneas. In 50% of the corneas, the epithelium was removed prior to placement in the storage medium. After 3, 7, 14, or 21 days at 4 degrees C, corneas were removed from the storage medium and sodium measurements were taken. RESULTS: In corneas with an intact epithelium, the stromal hydration as well as the stromal free sodium and total sodium levels were relatively constant up to 21 days of storage in the preservation medium. In the absence of the epithelium, the water and sodium contents of the stroma increased significantly during storage. CONCLUSION: The presence of an intact epithelium is required for maintaining the hydration and sodium levels within the corneal stroma during storage. Removal of the epithelium prior to storage results in increased sodium values and hydration, which may affect postkeratoplasty deturgescence.