PubMed · 9042808
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
L G Koss. 1997. Reporting urinary bladder specimens containing bladder neoplasms.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0046-8177(97)90142-8
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Rb protein (pRb) expression was evaluated in 185 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder from patients that underwent radical cystectomy. Tumors were stratified into three categories based on the percentage of nuclei expressing pRb: (a) 0, 0% of tumor cells showing nuclear reactivity; (b) 1+, 1-50% of tumor cells showing nuclear reactivity; and (c) 2+, >50% of tumor cells showing nuclear reactivity. Cases with undetectable (pRb 0) and high (pRb 2+) pRb reactivity had identical rates of recurrence. These cases had significantly higher recurrence (P = 0.0001) and lower survival rates (P = 0.0002) compared to cases with moderate (pRb 1+) pRb reactivity, indicating that high levels of pRb expression may reflect a dysfunctional (altered) Rb pathway. The tumors were also examined for alterations in p53 expression; patients with tumors altered in both p53 and pRb had significantly increased rates of recurrence (P < 0.0001) and survival (P < 0.0001) compared to patients with no alterations in either p53 or pRb; patients with alterations in only one of these proteins had intermediate rates of recurrence and survival. These results suggest that: (a) bladder cancers with high pRb expression do not show the tumor suppressor effects of the protein; and (b) alteration in both p53 and pRb may act in cooperative or synergistic ways to promote tumor progression.
The most frequent genetic aberration found in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder involves chromosome 9. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses show deletions of both chromosome 9p and 9q, while in situ hybridization studies suggest a significant percentage of tumours with monosomy 9. To investigate the types of chromosome 9 losses that occur in bladder cancer, we have studied 40 tumours with different techniques such as in situ hybridization (ISH), flow cytometry and LOH analysis. LOH for one or more markers was found in 43% of the tumours. This percentage does not differ from previous reports. With ISH, complete monosomy for chromosome 9 was observed in only 1 of the 40 tumours. Four other tumours had monosomic subpopulations, representing 23-40% of the cells. In 18 cases, an underrepresentation of the chromosome 9 centromere relative to chromosome 6 or to the ploidy of the tumour was observed, including the cases with monosomy. In 5 of these 18 cases, the relative loss could not be confirmed by LOH. In addition, when LOH and a relative underrepresentation were observed in the same tumour, the extent of LOH as measured by the intensity of allele loss, was often not related to the extent of underrepresentation. We therefore conclude that complete monosomy of chromosome 9 is rare in TCCs of the bladder and that a relative loss of centromere signal may not be related to a loss compatible with inactivation of a tumour suppressor gene. LOH was found in TCCs of all stages and grades. Our results suggest that loss of tumour suppressor genes on chromosome 9 is an early event in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer.
OBJECTIVES: Two new methods for the detection of transitional tumor cells in bladder wash (karyometry: QUANTICYT) and voided urine material (BARD BTA test) were compared with bladder wash cytology for the prediction of histology and tumor recurrence. METHODS: Bladder wash material and voided urine were sampled from 138 patients. Bladder wash karyometric (BWK) image analysis and the BTA test were applied. A subsequent urethrocystoscopy was performed and a bladder tumor, when present, was resected. Moreover, each patient was followed for tumor recurrence and progression. RESULTS: Sensitivities for the detection of tumors were 34.4%, 44.8%, and 69.0% for the BTA test, bladder wash cytology (BWC), and BWK, respectively (BTA versus BWC, P = 0.64; BTA versus BWK, P = 0.0002; BWC versus BWK, P = 0.0001, using the McNemar test). Specificities for the different tests were 81.3%, 92.5%, and 72.5%, respectively (BTA versus BWC, P = 0.096; BTA versus BWK, P = 0.031; BWC versus BWK, P = 0.001, using the McNemar test). Combinations of tests did not result in better prediction of the presence of tumor. Sensitivity of carcinoma in situ for the three tests was 0 of 3, 3 of 3, and 3 of 3, respectively. Follow-up analysis after a negative cystoscopy revealed comparable predictive values for BWC and BWK. CONCLUSIONS: The BTA test may be useful for patients with recurrent, low-grade papillary lesions. However, sensitivity for detection of these lesions, although higher than that for BWC, was only 42.9%. The highest specificity was found for BWC; however, this was accompanied by the lowest sensitivity of all three tests. The lower specificity of BWK was accompanied by a better prediction of tumor recurrence after a normal urethrocystoscopy. BWK is particularly sensitive for the recurrence of high-grade bladder lesions.