PubMed · 9113883
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C N Williams. Endoscopic technology update.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9113883/
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This paper describes a test prototype for precision robot-assisted surgery using a hexapod operating robot and a movable operating cockpit for tactile feedback. The objective of the work described is twofold: 1, to evaluate the use of hexapod robots for precisely manipulating endoscopes and surgical instruments in submillimeter surgery; 2, to test a new user interface concept based on tactile feedback. Based on the principle of a flight simulator, the aim is to give the surgeon motion cues in addition to the endoscope image, to assist his spatial orientation. The paper gives a detailed description of the system components and the potential applications.
Enteroscopy was initially a technology with little application. The small intestine was thought to be a rare site for any pathology and the ability to look at the most proximal and distal ends, during upper endoscopy and colonoscopy, was all that was needed in the evaluation of most patients. The power to peer into the small bowel has changed medical practice. This is especially true when dealing with patients with unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding. Enteroscopy helped determine causes of bleeding in such cases, and helped determine the most appropriate treatment algorithms.
OBJECTIVE: To describe a variety of techniques for using the microlaparoscope in conjunction with a standard-sized laparoscope for simplifying and enhancing advanced laparoscopic surgery. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive study of microlaparoscopic techniques for enhancing macrolaparoscopic procedures. RESULTS: The microlaparoscope facilitates macrolaparoscopy by permitting: (1) specimen removal and use of 10-mm instruments without secondary, large ports; (2) performance of laparoscopic vaginal hysterectomy with the endoscopic stapler using only one 12-mm port; (3) lysis of difficult pelvic and periumbilical adhesions; (4) enhancement of visual access to difficult operative sites; (5) closure of large umbilical and secondary port sites under direct monitoring; (6) visualization from the left upper quadrant when umbilical adhesions are suspected; and (7) use as the initial entry laparoscope when extensive surgery is not anticipated. CONCLUSION: The routine, combined use of the microlaparoscope and 10-mm laparoscope significantly expands the capabilities of the advanced laparoscopic surgeon. Procedures are simplified, facilitated and made less invasive.