PubMed · 9142084
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P J O'Dwyer. 1997-05-03. Laparoscopic surgery.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)62536-6
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We utilized a mini-sized grasper and retractor measuring 2.5 mm in diameter and a new mini-sized laparoscope measuring 3 mm in diameter to perform a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. A 10/12-mm trocar was inserted as the first trocar for the laparoscope and specimen extraction. Under a direct laparoscopic view, the mini-sized grasper and retractor were inserted and the laparoscopic procedures were performed mainly through the 5-mm trocar placed on the left upper quadrant as the working port. These procedures were successfully performed on five patients with a comparable operation time to that of a conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy, but appeared to be more minimally invasive.