PubMed · 9614340
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P S Moore. 1998. New directions in molecular techniques for pathogen identification.. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-842x(98)01269-4
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INTRODUCTION: Cystic angiomatosis of the skull and spine is an exceptionally rare, benign vascular lesion. Both the vertebral bones and the skull may be affected. Diagnosis and treatment of this disease is multidisciplinary. DISCUSSION: Histological examination is ultimately required to make a diagnosis. When the craniocervical junction is involved, the site of biopsy should be carefully selected so as to reduce procedure-related morbidity, including cerebrospinal fluid leakage and spinal deformity. We present a case report of a 4-year-old boy with cystic angiomatosis of the skull base and upper cervical spine associated with a Chiari I malformation and provide a review of the pertinent literature.
PURPOSE: To examine combined treatment of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) for retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). METHODS: Ten eyes of eight consecutive patients with RAP underwent a single injection (about 20 mg) of IVT followed 1 month later by PDT. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured by standardized protocol refraction. RESULTS: Median BCVA was 20/160, 20/64, 20/98, 20/89, 20/89, 20/125 at baseline and 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. Of ten eyes, six (60%) improved BCVA of at least 3 lines at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. Four (40%) eyes improved BCVA of at least 3 lines at 12 months. Three eyes (30%) lost >3 lines at 12 months. In all patients intraocular pressure was well controlled. No endophthalmitis, retinal detachment or vitreous haemorrhage developed. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement of BCVA suggests that combination treatment with IVT and PDT for RAP merits further investigation.
BACKGROUND: Diffuse dermal angiomatosis is rare and usually considered a variant of reactive angioendotheliomatosis. It generally involves the extremities of patients with severe vascular disease and other comorbidities. Two patients with breast involvement have been described; however, neither had a relevant medical history or a vaso-occlusive disorder, but both had large pendulous breasts, and 1 was positive for IgM anticardiolipin and antinuclear antibodies. OBSERVATIONS: A 53-year-old woman had a reticulated, erythematous plaque with superficial ulceration and underlying tender nodules on her left breast. She had a history of cardiovascular disease and was a heavy smoker. Biopsy of the lesion showed diffuse proliferation of additional endothelial cells and small bland vessels within the papillary and upper reticular dermis. Angiography showed almost complete occlusion of the subclavian artery proximally. Diffuse dermal angiomatosis was diagnosed. With isotretinoin therapy, the lesions improved. One month later, after percutaneous subclavian arterial revascularization, the lesion resolved completely. A literature review suggested that a history of heavy smoking, in addition to a history of vascular disease, may be important in the pathogenesis of diffuse dermal angiomatosis. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical acumen is crucial to diagnose diffuse angiomatosis of the breast. Appropriate treatment to alleviate hypoxia may improve the patient's condition.